C O U R S E   3   -   2 1   F E B R U A R Y   2 0 2 3

Multicultural society

Acculturation

• It’s an ongoing process throughout your life
• It’s a two-way process » how the environment is receiving you and how you adapt to the environment
• It’s a process of social, psychosocial and cultural change from the encounter between two (or more) cultures. People adopt, acquire and adjust to a new cultural environment as a result of moving into a new culture.
• Het is een proces dat blijft voortbestaan

Acculturation model at individual level

four different acculturation strategies

• Integration: people maintain aspects of the heritage culture, while also adopting aspects of the host society/host society culture.
• Assimilation: fully adopting the host society and losing maintenance of heritage culture.
• Segregation: maintaining the heritage culture without having a lot of interaction with the host society » focus on own culture.
• Marginalization: people lose touch with heritage culture but also don’t have (much) contact with the host society

Acculturation model at societal level

• Multiculturality: A society witch people are integrated. Meaning that people are allowed to maintain aspects of their heritage culture, while also being actively part of the host society.
• Melting pot: Type of society where people lose (parts of)their heritage culture, or are not in touch with their heritage culture, but mainly adopt the common culture in a country (= assimilation)
• Segregation: reflects a society with very different groups, different communities, but with very little interaction. Some groups maintain their heritage culture
• Exclusion: groups that are not part of anything. Individuals or small groups that aren’t part of their own cultural community or they are not able to establish their own cultural community. They’re also not part of the host culture/society.

Terminology and confusion about it

• The meaning of integration is different than we are used to.
• Segmented assimilation/selective acculturation: adopting some parts of the host society, but not all

Interdisciplinary framework: culture and adaption

Global context

Context in which migration takes place

• Push and pull (factors that make a country (un)attractive) factors
• Cultural globalization and socialization include new, online and social media
• Transnational ideologies: beliefs and values systems » xenophobia, islamophobia, long-distance nationalism

Macrosystem

• National and immigrant policies
  • Regulate influx of immigrants and refugees
  • Educational opportunities (equity)
• Attitudes towards migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers
  • Processes and procedures towards citizenship
  • Access to welfare programs
  • Access to secure (job) protection

Microsystem

• Neighborhood
  • Communities & networks
  • Ethnic enclaves: infrastructure or businesses » “a home away from home”
• School (Lecture 6)
• Family (Lecture 7)
• Segregation in housing, poverty and crime, and schooling

Multicultural society, what do we think of that?

Voorbeelden van onderzoeken, niet verder uitgewerkt.