Sexology
Chapter 7
Contraception and abortion

Both babies and mothers are healthier if pregnancies are spaced three to five years apart.

Hormonal methods

Hormonal methods of contraception are highly effective and come in a number of forms

• The pill
• The patch
• The vaginal ring
• Injections

The combination pill

Combination birth control pills: birth control pills that contain a combination of estrogen and pregestin (progesterone), both at higher than natural levels.
A women takes the pill for 21 days, and then no pill or

Sexology
Chapter 4
Sexual anatomy

Female sexual organs

The female sexual organs can be classified into two categories

• External organs
• Internal organs

External organs

The external genitals of females consist of

• The clitoris
• The mons pubis
• The inner lips
• The outer lips
• The vaginal opening

Vulva: the collective term of the external genitals of the female.
The appearance of the vulva varies greatly from one women to another.

The clitoris

Clitoris: a highly sensitive sexual organ in the female: the glans is in front of the vaginal entrance, and the rest of the clitoris extends deeper into the body.
It consists

Sexology
Chapter 2
Theoretical perspectives on sexuality

Evolutionary perspectives

Sociobiology

Sociobiology: the application of evolutionary biology to understanding the social behaviour of animals, including humans.
Sociobiologists try to understand why certain patterns of sexual behaviour have evolved in humans.

The sociobiologists argues that many of the characteristics we evaluate in judging attractiveness are indicative of the health and vigour of the individual.
These in turn are probably related to the person’s reproductive potential.
Thus, perhaps our concern with physical attractiveness is a product of evolution and natural selection.

Attractiveness is an indicator of health and is more important in mate selection in societies where more people are unhealthy.

Sexology
Chapter 1
Sexuality in perspective

Sex and gender

Gender: being male, female, or some other gender such as trans.
Sexual behaviour: behaviour that produces arousal and increases the chance of orgasm.

The history of understanding sexuality: religion and science

Religion

Throughout most of recorded history, religion provided most of the information that people has about sexuality.
These religions have profound impact.

Science

The scientific study of sex began in the 19^th century, although religious notions continue to influence our ideas about sexuality.
Freud gave