The brain and brain disorders
In clinical neuropsychology, we can differentiate between cognition and behaviour when it comes to neuropsychological disorders. Deficits in cognition are mainly cortically based. Disorders like these are amnesia, aphasia, agnosia, apraxia and deficits in executive functioning. Also problems with attention and focusing are cortically based. Deficits in behaviour are mainly
........Read moreThe neuron
The neuron consists of dendrites, a soma (cell body) and an axon. Axons are long fibers connecting neurons to one another. An axon hillock is a place where an action potential should be at a certain threshold to cause some sort of signal. An action potential is a signal that travels along the
........Read moreMeasuring the brain
Measuring the brain and its activity can be done in different ways. To create anatomical imagines and by that measuring the brain structure X-rays, MRI, D-MRI and MRS are commonly used techniques. CT and angiography are X-rays techniques. MRI is used to differentiate different tissue types. D-MRI is used to measure
........Read moreRehabilitation by medical specialist care is done for those who are limited by illness, accident or congenital diseases. The patient receives multidisciplinary care headed by a rehabilitation physician. The main goals of rehabilitation are for the patient to receive optimal recovery, independence and to be able to participate in the community again.
Brain injury can be
........Read more* Check the slides on Blackboard for an overview of the models
Memory
Memory is the ability to store information, to retain it and apply it later, both in recognition and reproduction. Semantic memory is the memory of facts, like words. Semantic memory is how our brain makes sense of the world and it
........Read moreBrain and behaviour are strongly correlated. Dysfunctions, structural and functional abnormalities have various causes and can result in problems in thinking, doing and feeling. Damage to a developing brain will have different consequences than damage to an adult brain.
Neuropsychological assessment is done by history taking (interviewing parents and teachers), doing observations (How is the child
........Read moreSymptom validity testing
Symptom validity testing is an aspect of neuropsychological testing where separate scales are used to establish the probability that a given test is affected by a tendency to fake bad, fake good or malingering. It happens quite frequently that patients are showing signs of doing so, not always knowing they are ‘faking’
........Read moreElectricity and brain stimulation
Electricity is the basis of neural and muscular functioning. It’s how neurons communicate with one another and messages are being sent by electricity. These signals in the brain can be measured invasively (from inside the brain) or from the outside, like from the scalp. Neural signals can be influenced by excitation, inhibition
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