Questions

Question 1

When does a fertilized egg be called 'fetus'? 

1. Directly after conception.
2. After three weeks.
3. After nine weeks.
4. After three months.

Question 2

What is cell differentiation?

1. The process that takes place 12 hours after fertilization.
2. The process whereby cells specialize in structure and function.
3. The process of movement of newly formed cells away from their original location.
4. The process whereby redundant cells are destroyed. 

Question 3 

Which of the following is no consequence of being small for gestational age?

1. Learning problems.
2. Social problems.
3. Increased risk of infections.
4. Insufficient growth.

Question 4

In what phase of development do teratogens cause the most severe damage?

1. Directly after conception.
2. In the fetal phase of prenatal development.
3. In the embryonic phase of prenatal development.
4. In post-natal development.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about sensitive periods in prenatal development is correct?

1. The sensitive periods of the first major organ systems are simultaneous.
2. Teratogens have the most severe effect on prenatal development just prior to the development of an organ system.
3. The sensitive period of an organ is the period in which the basic structures of this organ are formed.
4. The sensitive period of limb development occurs several weeks before limb development begins.

Question 6

The single cell that forms when two gametes merge during conception is called a ...

1. Zygote.
2. Ova.
3. Sperm.
4. Embryo.

Question 7

Which process of prenatal development is critical to the specialization of cells?

1. Cell division.
2. Synaptogenesis.
3. Cell differentiation.
4. Apoptosis.

Question 8

Harry and

Questions

Question 1

Which concept of Piaget is defined by the following: The process by which people process incoming information according to concepts they already understand.

1. Modification.
2. Equilibration.
3. Assimilation.
4. Accommodation.

Question 2

Which of the following is the right order of Piaget's stages?

1. Sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, formal operational stage.
2. Sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, formal operational stage, concrete operational stage.
3. Preoperational stage, sensorimotor stage, concrete operational stage, formal operational stage.
4. Preoperational stage, sensorimotor stage, formal operational stage, concrete operational stage.

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

1. Core-knowledge theorist propose that children are born with general knowledge and that they expand this knowledge gradually. Piaget proposes that children are born with both general knowledge and specialized learning mechanisms to acquire additional information.
2. Core-knowledge theorist see the child as scientist, Piaget sees the child as a well-adapted product of evolution. 

1. Only statement 1 is true.
2. Only statement 2 is true.
3. Both statements are true.
4. Both statements are false.

Question 4

What are the three hallmarks of Piaget's Constructivism?

1. The child is a scientist, learning happens through the environment, and extrinsic motivation.
2. The child is a 'blank slate', learning is done by the environment, and intrinsic motivation.
3. The child is a scientist, learning is done independently, and has extrinsic motivation.
4. The child is a scientist, learning is done independently, and has intrinsic motivation.

Question 5

Which theory focuses most on the innate learning skills of a child?

1. Information processing theory.
2. Piaget's Theory.
3. Dynamic systems theory.
4. Core knowledge theory.

Question 6

According to Piaget, development is both

Questions

Question 1

Which concept is defined by the following? The smallest units of meaning in a language, composed of one or more units.

1. Semantics.
2. Phonemes.
3. Morphemes.
4. Syntax.

Question 2

What is the second step in learning language?

1. The preparation for the production of speech by means of repetitive consonant-vowel sequences.
2. The perception of speech, by means of rhythm, tempo, cadence, melody, etc. 
3. The first words.
4. Categorical perception.

Question 3

A child says: "I getted that from my grandmother". 'Getted' consists of three ...

1. Phonemes.
2. Morphemes.
3. Syntaxes.
4. Modularities.

Question 4

What's the Importance of Infant Directed Talk?

1. It is critical to the child's language development.
2. It is critical to the child's attachment.
3. It is not necessary, but it increases the chance of secure attachment.
4. It is not necessary, but it is helpful for the language development of the child.

Question 5

What does someone specialized in the interactionist perspective on language development find interesting?

1. The ability to use the social environment of what the other says.
2. The components of language and grammar.
3. The (innate) mechanisms for language development.
4. The importance of non-verbal communication for language development.

Question 6

Language ... refers to the understanding of what others say; language ... refers to the process of speaking.

1. Comprehension; production.
2. Development; generativity.
3. Pragmatics; semantics.
4. Perception; distribution.

Question 7

Between 6 and 12 months of age, infants typiclaly experience a linguistic perceptual naarowing. What effect does this change have on their language development?

1. They become increasingly more

Questions

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

1. Crystallized intelligence is the ability to think on the spot to solve novel problems.
2. Fluid intelligence is the factual knowledge about the world.

1. Only statement 1 is true.
2. Only statement 2 is true.
3. Both statements are true.
4. Both statements are false.

Question 2

Which intelligence test is used for children of 6 years and older?

1. The Stanford-Binet intelligence test.
2. Revisie Amsterdamse Kinder-Intelligentie-Test (Rakit).
3. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC).
4. Raven's Progressive Matrices.

Question 3

Which of the following is true about IQ?

1. IQ scores are strong predictors of academic, economic and occupational achievements. 
2. Correlations between individual alleles of genes and IQ are very small, genetic influences on intelligence reflect small contributions from each of a very large number of genes and interactions among them.

1. Only statement 1 is true.
2. Only statement 2 is true.
3. Both statements are true.
4. Both statements are false.

Question 4

At the age of three, children learn to count. What is NOT a principle of counting?

1. One-on-one counting.
2. Cardinality.
3. Order irrelevance.
4. Perceptual counting.

Question 5

The correlation between the IQ of an adopted child and its biological parent ...

1. Decreases over time due to interaction of the genotype with the environment.
2. Increases over time due to interaction of the genotype with the environment.
3. Disappears when the child leaves the biological parent.
4. Is 100%.

Question 6

What is the Flynn Effect?

1. It states that intelligence scores have increased at the top of the scale in the last

Questions

Question 1

Which theory is based on the idea of Darwin that emotions are innate? 

1. The functionalist perspective
2. The dynamic systems theory.
3. The basis-affection system theory.
4. The discrete emotions theory.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

1. Poor people experience as much depression as rich people. 
2. The percentage of depression decreases when children reach puberty. 

1. Only statement 1 is true.
2. Only statement 2 is true.
3. Both statements are true.
4. Both statements are false.

Question 3

What are two examples of self-aware emotions?

1. Shame and anger.
2. Fear and Anger.
3. Pride and shame.
4. Pride and joy.

Question 4

What is the first form of emotional regulation that children develop?

1. Looking away from a negative stimulus.
2. Crying during a negative stimulus
3. Separation anxiety from the primary caregiver.
4. Disgust.

Question 5

The first negative emotion you see in young babies is ...

1. Anger.
2. Sadness.
3. Fear.
4. First you only see general distress: differentiating between negative emotions is still too difficult.

Question 6

From what age can you see a social smile in babies?

1. In the first week after birth.
2. After about 3 weeks of age.
3. From about 6 weeks of age.
4. After 4 to 5 months.

Question 7

Which of the following statements best summarizes the findings by Mischel and his colleagues from their famous marshmallow test?

1. The ability to exhibit self-control early in life can predict success later in life.
2. The ability to experience and express emotion is a result of human evolution.

Questions

Question 1

Which parenting style is described by the following? Parents are cold, nonresponsive and high in demandingness. They are oriented toward control and expect their children to comply without question or explanation.

1. Authoritative parenting.
2. Authoritarian parenting.
3. Permissive parenting.
4. Uninvolved parenting.

Question 2

The process through which children acquire the values, knowledge, and behaviors that are regarded as appropriate in their culture is known as ...

1. Parenting style.
2. Socialization.
3. Behaviorism.
4. Discipline.

Question 3

A recent trend in famiy structure in the United states is the increasing ages of first-time parents. Which of the following is not true of these older parents compared with younger parents?

1. Older parents tend to be more highly educated.
2. Older parents tend to earn higher income.
3. Older parents tend to use a harsher parenting style.
4. Older parents are less likely to get divorced within 10 years of having a child.

Question 4

Recent research has shown which of the following to be true of children of same-sex parents, compared with children of heterosexual parents?

1. They exhibit more mental health disorders.
2. They tend to perform better socially and academically.
3. They are similar in their sexual oreintation and degree of gender-typed behavior.
4. They report higher levels of parental aggression in adolescence.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is not true of divorce?

1. Young children tend to react more negatively to a parent's remarriage than do young adolescents.
2. For children in high-conflict families, divorce may increase the likelihood of positive outcomes for their adjustment.
3. Joint custody is

Questions

Question 1

According to Piaget, there are two stages of development in children's moral reasoning, with a transitional period between them. During which ages does this transitional period occur?

1. From 2 – 4 years old.
2. From 4 – 7 years old.
3. From 7 – 10 years old.
4. From 10 – 12 years old.

Question 2

Which stage does not belong to Kohlberg's theory of moral judgement?

1. Preconventional moral reasoning.
2. Conventional moral reasoning.
3. Postconventional moral reasoning.
4. Complete moral reasoning.

Question 3

Kohlberg based his stages of morality on ...

1. Reasons behind moral decisions.
2. The stages of prosocial development.
3. The results of his studies of prosocial dilemmas.
4. Evidence that peers have a critical impact on children's moral development.

Question 4

What is the difference between a 2-year-old child and a child attending primary school in terms of aggression?

1. Aggression has increased overall.
2. Aggression has diminished overall.
3. Physical aggression decreases and verbal aggression increases.
4. Verbal aggression decreases and physical aggression increases.

Question 5

Katie accidentally breaks four cups as she helps ahar father set the table. Laura accidentally breaks a cup while secretly picking up a cookie from the cookie jar. Rose breaks two cups while fighting with her brother.

Which child deserves the highest punishment according to a child in Piaget's pre-operational stage of development?

1. Katie
2. Laura.
3. Rose.
4. They are all seen as equally guilty.

Question 6

Which of the following sentences is an example of instrumental aggression?

1. Tony pushes Joyce away so that he can

Questions

Question 1

When do genetically influenced characteristics become evident?

1. Directly after birth.
2. When children are toddlers.
3. During preschool.
4. During middle childhood, adolescence or adulthood.

Question 2

Fill in:

When children encounter an unfamiliar stimulus, they accommodate / assimilate it to more familiar stimuli. At the same time, their understanding accommodates / assimilates to the experience, so that when they next encounter the unfamiliar stimulus will feel less strange. 

1. Accommodate, accommodates.
2. Assimilate, assimilates.
3. Accommodate, assimilates.
4. Assimilate, accommodates.

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

1. Children from poorer families are more often secure attached. 
2. Depression is more common among poor families.

1. Only statement 1 is true.
2. Only statement 2 is true.
3. Both statements are true.
4. Both statements are false.

Question 4

Which of the following statement accurately descirbes the interaction of nature and nurture?

1. Nature does its work before birth, and nurture takes over only after birth.
2. Nature's influence continues through infancy before giving way to the influence of nurture.
3. Nature and nurture begin interacting on the fetus in the womb, and both continue to shape the individual's development.
4. The role that both nature and nurture play in development is often overstated.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of the crucial role that timing plays in the potential impact of a teratogen?

1. The diet of a pregnant mother will influence taste preferences that the fetus will exhibit after birth.
2. By age 12 months, infants lose the ability to hear the difference between similar sounds that they do not