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Hoorcollegeaantekeningen 17/18
Drugsgebruik onder de 21 jaar komt het meeste voor in Nederland.
Verslaving is de meest voorkomende psychiatrische diagnose (nog afgezien van nicotineverslaving).
Verslaving: prevalenties
Probleemgebruikers van harddrugs in Nederland rond de 34.000 (2% van de bevolking)
Aantal cannabis verslaafden is in afgelopen 10 jaar egstegen van 3500 in 2000 naar bijna 11000 in 2010.
85% van de Nederlanders van 16 jaar en ouder drinkt regelmatig een glas alcohol
8.3% v.s. 3% van 19jarige mannen t.o.v. vrouwen; 2% van 20-24 jarigen is alcoholafhankelijk
Man – vrouw verschillen in middelengebruik
Mannen | vs. Vrouwen |
Lifetime: 30% | vs. 7% |
Sneller verslaving, sneller bij | < Gebruik medische complicaties |
Vaker gebruik om de kick Vaker gebruik tegen negatieve emoties | Vaker angst en depressief |
Man – vrouw verschillen in behavioral addiction
Mannen | vs. Vrouwen |
Gokken buying | Stealing |
Seks | Binge eating |
Pyromanie | Kleptomanie |
Overlap met compulsief gedrag: | ….. |
|
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DSM-V: verslaving en afhankelijkheid
Waarom? Middel zelf zit niet in de definitie.
DSM-V: afhankelijkheid
Aan een middel gebonden stoornissen
Stoornissen in het gebruik van een middel
Afhankelijkheid van een middel
Misbruik van een middel
Stoornissen door het gebruik van een middel
Intoxxicatie
Onthouding
Delirium
Afhankelijkheid van een middel: >3 kenmerken in 12 maanden.
Tolerantie (steeds meer nodig)
Onthoudingsverschijnselen (slapeloosheid, kater, koorts… bij stoppen; vergelijkbaar middel gebruiken om onthouding tegen te gaan).
Meer nemen dan de bedoeling was
Willen stoppen, (mislukte) poging
Het verkrijgen en/of gebruiken kost veel tijd
Ten koste van sociale activiteiten, werk en/of vrijetijdsbesting
Doorgaan ook al kent men de psychologische en lichamelijke risico’s
Volgens DSM-5 specificeren
Wel/geen lichamelijke afhankelijkheid (1,2)
Beloop:
Early full (1-11 mnd) remission
Early partial remission (1-11 mnd)
Sustained full remission (>11 mnd)
Sustained partial remission (>11 mnd)
Remissie: tijdelijke vermindering of verdwijning van ziekteverschijnselen.
Behavioral addictions:
Gokverslaving
Chatverslaving
Internetverslaving
Gameverslaving
Seksverslaving
Workaholisme
Eetverslaving
Nagelbijten
Koopverslaving
Relatie verslaving
Sheetnotes BPOP (Biopsychosociale Perspectieven op Ontwikkelingspsychologie) - Psychologie UU B2 - 2017/2018
- Psychotische stoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Ethiek - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Angststoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Ontwikkeling in de Ideeën t.a.v. Psychopathologie - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Burnout - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Stemmingsstoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Neurocognitieve Stoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Werkverslaving - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Ontwikkelingsstoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Verslaving - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Eetstoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Seksuele stoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Somatoforme en dissociatieve stoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
- Slaapstoornissen - SheetNotes (2017/2018)
Contributions: posts
Spotlight: topics
Sheetnotes BPOP (Biopsychosociale Perspectieven op Ontwikkelingspsychologie) - Psychologie UU B2 - 2017/2018
In deze bundel zijn de sheetnotes bij het vak Biopsychosociale Perspectieven op Ontwikkelingspsychologie (BPOP) aan de universiteit Utrecht samengebracht. Bevat aantekeningen uit het collegejaar 2017-2018.
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