ExamTests with Psychological Communication: Theories, Roles and Skills for Counsellors by Lang and Van der Molen - 2nd edition

Questions

Question 1

In your own words, explain the difference between the diagnosis-prescription model and the collaboration model. (Chapter 2)

Question 2

What are the disadvantages of the diagnosis-prescription model? And what about the collaboration model? (Chapter 2)

Question 3

What is central to Rogers' theory? (Chapter 3)

1. Behavioral change
2. Confrontation
3. Self-actualization
4. Denial of problems

Question 4

What are the critiques that have come to Rogers' theory? (Chapter 3)

Question 5

Fill in: Cognitive psychology deals with the way people… (Chapter 3)

1. Record, process, and use information
2. Show their behavior in society
3. Deal with each other in groups
4. Try to avoid information that goes against their worldview

Question 6

What does an individual experience process involve? (Chapter 3)

Question 7

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype traits? (Chapter 4)

Question 8

Enter the correct answer. An attribution error refers to the fact that the behavior of others is too often attributed to their (1)…….. while one's own behavior is too often attributed to the (2)…….. (Chapter 4)

Question 9

What conditions must be met for modeling to be successful? (Chapter 4)

Question 10

Which of the following ways cannot affect a person's expectation of effectiveness? (Chapter 4)

1. Experiencing success
2. Using persuasion
3. Seeing other people accomplish a difficult task without negative consequences
4. Have the person do the task in front of trusted people

Question 11

What four different roles can the counselor assume in the conversation? (Chapter 5)

Question 12

Correct or incorrect? (Chapter 5)

I. The four roles that the care provider can take on can always be clearly distinguished in practice.

II. In practice, the three phases of the conversation model are not defined phases, but overlap and sometimes start over.

1. I is correct, II is incorrect
2. I is incorrect, II is correct
3. Both statements are correct
4. Both statements are incorrect

Question 13

What is the advantage of open questions? And of closed? (Chapter 6)

Question 14

Put the skills below in the correct categories: (Chapter 6)

Non-verbal behavior - summarizing - opening the conversation - formulating goals - attentively following the conversation - making agreements about objectives - making use of moments when nothing is said - paraphrasing given information - encouraging precise answers - clarifying the situation - finishing conversation - asking questions

Question 15

Put the step-by-step plan in the correct order (Chapter 7)

Evaluating experiences and adjusting plans – discussing client's own efforts – formulating goals and intentions more specifically.

Answers

Question 1

The diagnosis-prescription model is a short, relatively objective expert method in which the psychologist makes a rapid diagnosis about the client based on a number of questions. In the collaborative model method, the emphasis is on collaboration and the psychologist allows the client room to tell his story in order to get to the core of the problem and a solution. The client is asked to actively think about solutions.

Question 2

Diagnosis-prescription model: the client has little room for this, and sometimes a diagnosis is made too quickly.

Collaborative model: the client can resist because he/she only wants advice

Question 3

C. Self-actualization.

Question 4

In the first place, psychologists in particular find his ideas about individual development too positive. Identifying problems is not sufficient for solving problems. The theory is not for everyone, and the goodness of man is determined by society.

Question 5

A. Record, process, and use information.

Question 6

Everyone interprets information in a different way

Question 7

Genotype traits are stable traits that are relatively independent of the situation and the environment. Phenotype traits are traits that are related to the environment and can change greatly per situation

Question 8

1. (1) character; (2) situation/circumstances

Question 9

The person must pay attention to the behavior to be learned, and be able to highlight the most important elements. The person must also be motivated and be able to remember the observations. Finally, someone must also be able to apply the perceived knowledge.

Question 10

D. Have the person do the task in front of trusted people.

Question 11

Confidential counselor, candid detective, teacher, coach

Question 12

B. I is incorrect, II is correct.

Question 13

The advantage of open-ended questions is that the client is given the initiative, and they usually provide more information. The advantage of closed questions is that they provide concrete information and are sometimes experienced as less threatening.

Question 14

Question 15

The step-by-step plan has three phases: discussing the client's own efforts, formulating goals and intentions more specifically in order to achieve them, and evaluating experiences and possibly adjusting the plans.