Join with a free account for more service, or become a member for full access to exclusives and extra support of WorldSupporter >>
Autisme als dimensie/spectrum; Geen typische kenmerken, veel verschillende kenmerken per persoon
Wat is een psychose: een realistische ervaring die niet wordt gedeeld met anderen (vergelijkbaar met een droom). Voor de persoon is het echt, maar voor anderen niet, als ze "wakker worden" hebben ze door dat het niet echt was.
- Gedachtes
- Visioenen
- Geur
- Geluid
Eerste werd autisme en psychose/schizofrenie gezien als een een stoornis. --> 1930: Childhood Schizofrenie --> 1943 Leo Kanner: Autisme; Hans Asperger
Neurotypical syndrome, we weten niet of er een neurologische basis is. Diagnose is gebaseerd op gedrag, je kan het niet in het brein zien. Boek zegt wel neurologie, docent van niet.
1 of 10 van elke 1000
Jongens ; Meisjes = 5;1
- Nu is het meer bekend, het wordt meer gediagnosticeerd
- Meer in de media (autisme awareness month)
Verschillende diagnoses in DSM-4 en DSM-5
DSM-4
- Autisme
- Asperger's Disorder --> mensen met autisme die meer communicatief zijn
- PDDNOS
DSM-4 Criteria (kinderen en volwassenen)
- Atypical behaviours
- Communication
- Social Impairments
DSM-5 criteria (ook voor kinderen)
- Atypical behaviour
- Social communication (social impairments + communication)
Atypical behaviour
- Repetitive motor behaviours, flapping
- Obsessions, preoccupations
- Restricted interests
- Holding on to routines (vast routine)
Communication
- 30% leert nooit praten
- Atypische taal (toon, tempo, inhoud, echolalia)
- Pronoun reversal
- No understanding social pragmatics (grapjes)
- Atypical nonverbal communication
Social impairments
- "aloofs" - alone and fine with that
- Less responsive, not reciprocal
- Aversive to touch
- Avoiding eye contact
- Not responsive to own name
- Atypical emotional displays
Positive characteristics
- Good memory
- Good focus --> gewild op de arbeidsmarkt
- No drama
- Rarely tell lies; no hidden agendas
- Independent thinkers
- Rarely judge others
Additional difficulties
- Oversensitivity
- Low intelligence (60-80%)
- Problems in Theory of Mind
- Focus on detail (lack central coherence)
Theory of Mind: het begrijpen van het gedrag van anderen gebaseerd op hun (en niet je eigen) intenties, verwachtingen en overtuigingen.
Precursors: Joint attention
- Starting or following
- Showing or asking
Precursor: intention understanding
- Understanding the intended goal
- Experimentor tried to perform an action but repeatedly failed --> can child finish
False beliefs: Sally-Ann test
Central coherence: heel letterlijk opnemen, geen overal plaatje kunnen beschrijven (auto-ongeluk) --> geen focus op het geheel, maar detail.
Karakteristieken van autisme --> minder mogelijkheden voor social learning --> …
Devlopmental pathway
- Confusion deafness, but can now be diagnosed in toddlers: better prognosis
- Symptoms often decrease childhood/adolescence: IQ protective factor --> kinderen leren
- Higher incidence of psychopathology (depression, aggression)
Developmental Psychopathology (18/19)
Schematische aantekeningen van de hoorcolleges van het vak Developmental Psychopathology (18/19) van de Universiteit Leiden. De aantekeningen zijn deels Engels en deels Nederlands.
LET OP! de colleges zijn dit jaar veranderd, niet alle aantekeningen
...JoHo can really use your help! Check out the various student jobs here that match your studies, improve your competencies, strengthen your CV and contribute to a more tolerant world
Online access to all summaries, study notes en practice exams
- Check out: Register with JoHo WorldSupporter: starting page (EN)
- Check out: Aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter - startpagina (NL)
How and why would you use WorldSupporter.org for your summaries and study assistance?
- For free use of many of the summaries and study aids provided or collected by your fellow students.
- For free use of many of the lecture and study group notes, exam questions and practice questions.
- For use of all exclusive summaries and study assistance for those who are member with JoHo WorldSupporter with online access
- For compiling your own materials and contributions with relevant study help
- For sharing and finding relevant and interesting summaries, documents, notes, blogs, tips, videos, discussions, activities, recipes, side jobs and more.
Using and finding summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter
There are several ways to navigate the large amount of summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter.
- Use the menu above every page to go to one of the main starting pages
- Starting pages: for some fields of study and some university curricula editors have created (start) magazines where customised selections of summaries are put together to smoothen navigation. When you have found a magazine of your likings, add that page to your favorites so you can easily go to that starting point directly from your profile during future visits. Below you will find some start magazines per field of study
- Use the topics and taxonomy terms
- The topics and taxonomy of the study and working fields gives you insight in the amount of summaries that are tagged by authors on specific subjects. This type of navigation can help find summaries that you could have missed when just using the search tools. Tags are organised per field of study and per study institution. Note: not all content is tagged thoroughly, so when this approach doesn't give the results you were looking for, please check the search tool as back up
- Check or follow your (study) organizations:
- by checking or using your study organizations you are likely to discover all relevant study materials.
- this option is only available trough partner organizations
- Check or follow authors or other WorldSupporters
- by following individual users, authors you are likely to discover more relevant study materials.
- Use the Search tools
- 'Quick & Easy'- not very elegant but the fastest way to find a specific summary of a book or study assistance with a specific course or subject.
- The search tool is also available at the bottom of most pages
Do you want to share your summaries with JoHo WorldSupporter and its visitors?
- Check out: Why and how to add a WorldSupporter contributions
- JoHo members: JoHo WorldSupporter members can share content directly and have access to all content: Join JoHo and become a JoHo member
- Non-members: When you are not a member you do not have full access, but if you want to share your own content with others you can fill out the contact form
Quicklinks to fields of study for summaries and study assistance
Field of study
- All studies for summaries, study assistance and working fields
- Communication & Media sciences
- Corporate & Organizational Sciences
- Cultural Studies & Humanities
- Economy & Economical sciences
- Education & Pedagogic Sciences
- Health & Medical Sciences
- IT & Exact sciences
- Law & Justice
- Nature & Environmental Sciences
- Psychology & Behavioral Sciences
- Public Administration & Social Sciences
- Science & Research
- Technical Sciences
Add new contribution