NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 2
Knowledge Clips: Face and Body Recognition
1. Cognitive Model: Bruce & Young (1986) vs. Neurobiological Model: Haxby et al. (2000)
- Two models for recognizing faces, emphasizing cognitive and neurobiological aspects.
2. Occipital Face Area (OFA):
- Early perceptual analysis of faces.
- Strong fMRI activity in response to faces, sensitive to physical changes (e.g., haircut, skin color).
3. Fusiform Face Area (FFA):
- Recognizing known faces.
- Strong fMRI activity in response to faces, sensitive to identity changes.
4. OFA vs. FFA:
- OFA primarily active in physical change conditions.
- FFA primarily active in identity change conditions.
5. Superior Temporal Sulcus:
- Responds to changeable aspects of faces and bodies (e.g., eye gaze, motion).
- Stronger fMRI response to eye gaze relative to person identity.
6. Body Recognition:
- Importance of recognizing bodies for additional information beyond faces.
- Distinct brain regions for body recognition: extrastriate body area, fusiform body area, superior temporal sulcus.
7. Processes in Face and Body Interpretation:
- Three parallel routes for interpreting faces and bodies (Wood et al., 2016).
- Unconscious linking of visual processing with emotional response.
- Conscious inferring of emotional state based on prior experience.
- Sensorimotor stimulation for empathy and understanding.
8. Emotion System:
- Different emotions activate overlapping brain areas.
- Amygdala and middle occipital gyrus activated in all emotions.
9. Emotional Body Language:
- De Gelder's model highlighting rapid, unconscious perception and conscious, detailed perception of emotional body language.
10. Disorders of Face and Emotion Recognition:
- Prosopagnosia (face blindness): Impaired face recognition without affecting object recognition.
- Types: apperceptive (visual analysis deficit) and associative (linking face to identity impairment).
- Causes: damage to core face recognition network or white matter pathways.
11. Person Recognition Disorders:
- Inability to recognize familiar faces or use non-visual person-specific characteristics.
- Affects semantic integration, linked to damage in anterior temporal lobe.
12. False Recognition Disorders:
- Patients falsely recognize novel faces as familiar.
- Overreliance on category representation, not considering identity-specific characteristics.
- Linked to damage in prefrontal cortex.
13. Capgras Delusion:
- Belief that familiar people have been replaced by body doubles.
- Lack of emotional response despite correct visual recognition.
- Linked to damage in bilateral frontal, right limbic, and temporal regions affecting memory and reality perception.
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This content is used in:
NESBED aantekeningen Universiteit Utrecht
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 1: Part 1
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 1: Part 2
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 1: Social Neuroscience Overview
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 2
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 2: Hormones and Behavior
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 2: Reading Faces and Bodies
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 2
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 3: Personality Disorders
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 4: part 1
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 4: part 2
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 4
- NESBED Knowledge Clips Week 5
- NESBED Live Lecture Week 5: Identity and Groups
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