College 1: 13-09-21How does expertise come about?The talent myth means that you are just born with a talent, it is not due to practice. Talent is a potential or capacity to excel in a particular domain that requires special skills and training. When there is talent development, the potential turns into manifest (expert) abilities.Popular thoughts:Talent is in the genes, so you can predict if children are going to be talented as well. Most people say that genetics are too complicated to make that conclusion. Bodily characteristics can be important, but they can change over time and the mentality is also important. An extreme nurturist perspective is that you need to practice 10.000 hours or ten year rule. It is a deliberate practice, so structured and not necessarily enjoyable. Extending the memory span. Opportunity to practice is very important here. Nurturing through play and practice is called deliberate play and involves experimenting, scaffolding (aanpassen op niveau) and maximising the enjoyment. The question here is early specialization (focus on one sport and quantity/quality) or early sampling (different types of sport and play/enjoyment)? A combination of sampling/specialization may depend on the type of sport.Expertise is the specialist skills and knowledge, repeated demonstrations of superior performance and observed in exceptional achievements. Some are able to reach that expertise, but some aren’t. So why is that? In summary: expertise cannot be reduced to particular genes and expertise develops through practice (deliberate practice/play). New research proposes the dynamic network model, so there are ongoing changes and different challenges to play a role. What are the expert athlete qualities?Expert perceptual-cognitive skills: Recall and recognitionVisual search, experts focus on the area around whereas non-experts are focussing on the one thing like a ball. Temporal(time frame) / Spatial(area)...
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