In this bundle you can find the lecture and seminar notes for the course 'Advanced Research Methods and Statistics for Psychology (ARMS)'. I followed this course on Utrecht University, during the bachelor (neuro)psychology.
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Studies must be critically reviewed:
Association does not mean causation!
Does the effect remain when additional variables are included? For this question we use a multiple regression.
Simple
........Read moreModeration: the effect of predictor X1 on outcome Y is different for different levels of a second predictor X2. For example when X2 is gender: the effect of X1 on Y is different for males and females.
The conceptual model for this example is:
The statistical
........Read moreYou use bootstrapping to get rid of troublesome situations, for example distributions that are not in agreement with the assumptions causing:
One assumption, is that the residuals should be normally distributed. There are 5 ways of how
........Read moreANOVA: comparing groups on a continuous variable. The analysis separates between group variation and within group variation.
But what if there are more factors that influence the outcome y? You need to control for them. You use an ANCOVA to do this. Example: you want to research whether there is a difference in cognitive abilities
........Read moreA 2x3 ANOVA means there were two factors, one with two and one with three levels.
In this case you test three hypotheses:
*These notes do not include the introduction to R*
HARKing: changing or creating the hypothesis after seeing the results.
P-hacking: researchers collect or select data or statistical analyses until nonsignificant results become significant.
Selective reporting: only reporting significant results, and not reporting the non-significant results.
Publication bias: only articles with significant effects are published.
........Read moreDesigns with one or more within factors are called repeated measures designs. An example of a within factor is time. But condition can also be a within factor, as long as each participant goes through every condition.
The advantages of a within subjects design are:
In this summary you will learn how distinguish parametric tests from non-parametric tests and how to conduct non-parametric tests using SPSS. Click here for more information on parametric tests.
In this table you can see what test to use:
When performing
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What determines whether the patient is diagnosed?
Sensitivity: how far are these curves apart? How good can. the participant discriminate between these two curves?
There is also a criterion:
Everything > the criterion: we say that the signal is present.
........Read moreIf you have norm-data available, you assess a patients data using norm-tables such as this one:
You correct for age and education, and correct the score for this, using the table. Then you look in what scale the patient’s score is:
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