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Summaries, internships, tips and tools for study and work in international relations, studies and organizations

What is international relations?

What is international relations?

International Relations is the study of interactions that transcend national borders. This includes relations between nation-states, but also encompasses interactions with international organizations (like the UN), NGOs, and even multinational corporations.

What are the main features of international relations?

  • Interdisciplinary: IR draws from political science, economics, history, law, and other disciplines to understand complex global issues.
  • Global Focus: It looks at the world as a whole, analyzing how different actors interact and influence each other.
  • Focus on Power: A core theme is understanding the distribution and use of power between different actors in the international system.

What are important sub-areas in international relations?

  • International Security: Examines war, peace, terrorism, and arms control.
  • International Political Economy: Analyzes the global economy, trade, and development.
  • Foreign Policy Analysis: Studies how countries make decisions about their interactions with other states.
  • Global Governance: Investigates how international institutions and agreements shape the world.

What are key concepts in international relations?

  • Nationalism: The belief that a nation-state is the primary unit of political organization.
  • Globalization: The increasing interconnectedness of the world.
  • Sovereignty: The right of a state to govern itself without external interference.
  • Balance of Power: The idea that states try to maintain a power equilibrium in the international system.

Who are influential figures in international relations?

  • Niccolò Machiavelli: Pioneered the study of power politics.
  • Hans Morgenthau: A realist theorist who emphasized the importance of national interest.
  • John Locke: Influenced liberal thought in IR, focusing on human rights and cooperation.
  • Max Weber: Helped define the concept of the state.

Why is international relations important?

Understanding IR is crucial for navigating the complex world we live in. It helps us:

  • Make sense of global events: From trade wars to pandemics, IR provides frameworks for analysis.
  • Promote cooperation: IR helps identify areas where countries can work together for common good.
  • Address global challenges: Climate change, poverty, and terrorism all require international solutions informed by IR principles.

How is international relations applied in practice?

  • Diplomacy: Diplomats use IR knowledge to negotiate with other countries.
  • Foreign Policy Making: Governments rely on IR theory to formulate foreign policy.
  • International Organizations: IR scholars work in organizations like the UN to address global issues.
  • Journalism: Journalists use IR frameworks to analyze international events.
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What is politics?

What is politics?

Politics is the academic discipline that dissects the who, what, when, where, and why of power. It delves into how power is acquired, exercised, and contested within societies.

What are the main features of politics?

  • Power Analysis: The central theme is understanding power dynamics – who has it, how they use it, and the impact on individuals and societies.
  • Focus on Governance: It examines how societies make decisions, create laws, and manage resources through institutions and processes.
  • Diversity of Approaches: Politics draws from various perspectives, including historical, philosophical, sociological, and economic viewpoints.

What are important sub-areas in politics?

  • Political Theory: Explores the philosophical underpinnings of politics, like justice, liberty, and democracy.
  • Comparative Politics: Compares different political systems, like democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian regimes.
  • American Politics: Focuses on the specific institutions, actors, and processes of US government.
  • Public Policy: Analyzes how governments create and implement policies to address societal issues.

Wat are key concepts in politics?

  • Power: The ability to influence others' behavior.
  • State: The legitimate holder of authority within a territory.
  • Government: The institutions and processes that wield state power.
  • Ideology: A set of beliefs about how society should be organized. (e.g., liberalism, socialism, conservatism)
  • Political Participation: The ways citizens engage in the political process (e.g., voting, protesting, campaigning).

Who are influential figures in politics?

  • Plato: Debated the ideal form of government in his Republic.
  • Aristotle: Analyzed different political systems and the importance of citizen participation.
  • Niccolò Machiavelli: Provided a realist perspective on power politics in The Prince.
  • John Locke: Championed individual rights and social contract theory.
  • Karl Marx: Offered a critique of capitalism and envisioned a communist society.

Why is politics important?

Politics is fundamental to understanding the world around us. It helps us:

  • Become Informed Citizens: Understand your rights, responsibilities, and role in shaping society.
  • Critically Analyze Political Events: Decipher political rhetoric and make informed decisions about who to support.
  • Promote Positive Change: Engage in the political process to advocate for your values and improve society.

How is politics applied in practice?

  • Campaigning: Political consultants and strategists use their knowledge of politics to help candidates win elections.
  • Policymaking: Policy analysts use political knowledge to design and advocate for effective policies.
  • Journalism: Political reporters analyze and explain political events for the public.
  • Activism: Understanding politics empowers individuals and groups to advocate for change in their communities.
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Summaries: home page for international relations and international organizations

Summaries: home page for international relations and international organizations

Summaries for international relations, international organizations and international politics

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Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international relations, organizations and politics

Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international relations, organizations and politics

Key terms, definitions and concepts summarized in the field of international relations and politics

What is this page about?

  • Contents: a selection of terms, definitions and concepts for international relations, organizations and politics
  • Terms: International relations, Politics, Developmental sociology, Development studies, Human rights, Fundamental rights, International organization, Democracy, Public administration, Public policy studies
  • Language: English
  • Access: Public

Where to go next?

What to find below?

  • Read on for the key terms and definitions summarized in the field of international relations, organizations and politics sciences
  • Click on the term of your interest
What is international relations?

What is international relations?

International Relations is the study of interactions that transcend national borders. This includes relations between nation-states, but also encompasses interactions with international organizations (like the UN), NGOs, and even multinational corporations.

What are the main features of international relations?

  • Interdisciplinary: IR draws from political science, economics, history, law, and other disciplines to understand complex global issues.
  • Global Focus: It looks at the world as a whole, analyzing how different actors interact and influence each other.
  • Focus on Power: A core theme is understanding the distribution and use of power between different actors in the international system.

What are important sub-areas in international relations?

  • International Security: Examines war, peace, terrorism, and arms control.
  • International Political Economy: Analyzes the global economy, trade, and development.
  • Foreign Policy Analysis: Studies how countries make decisions about their interactions with other states.
  • Global Governance: Investigates how international institutions and agreements shape the world.

What are key concepts in international relations?

  • Nationalism: The belief that a nation-state is the primary unit of political organization.
  • Globalization: The increasing interconnectedness of the world.
  • Sovereignty: The right of a state to govern itself without external interference.
  • Balance of Power: The idea that states try to maintain a power equilibrium in the international system.

Who are influential figures in international relations?

  • Niccolò Machiavelli: Pioneered the study of power politics.
  • Hans Morgenthau: A realist theorist who emphasized the importance of national interest.
  • John Locke: Influenced liberal thought in IR, focusing on human rights and cooperation.
  • Max Weber: Helped define the concept of the state.

Why is international relations important?

Understanding IR is crucial for navigating the complex world we live in. It helps us:

  • Make sense of global events: From trade wars to pandemics, IR provides frameworks for analysis.
  • Promote cooperation: IR helps identify areas where countries can work together for common good.
  • Address global challenges: Climate change, poverty, and terrorism all require international solutions informed by IR principles.

How is international relations applied in practice?

  • Diplomacy: Diplomats use IR knowledge to negotiate with other countries.
  • Foreign Policy Making: Governments rely on IR theory to formulate foreign policy.
  • International Organizations: IR scholars work in organizations like the UN to address global issues.
  • Journalism: Journalists use IR frameworks to analyze international events.
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What is politics?

What is politics?

Politics is the academic discipline that dissects the who, what, when, where, and why of power. It delves into how power is acquired, exercised, and contested within societies.

What are the main features of politics?

  • Power Analysis: The central theme is understanding power dynamics – who has it, how they use it, and the impact on individuals and societies.
  • Focus on Governance: It examines how societies make decisions, create laws, and manage resources through institutions and processes.
  • Diversity of Approaches: Politics draws from various perspectives, including historical, philosophical, sociological, and economic viewpoints.

What are important sub-areas in politics?

  • Political Theory: Explores the philosophical underpinnings of politics, like justice, liberty, and democracy.
  • Comparative Politics: Compares different political systems, like democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian regimes.
  • American Politics: Focuses on the specific institutions, actors, and processes of US government.
  • Public Policy: Analyzes how governments create and implement policies to address societal issues.

Wat are key concepts in politics?

  • Power: The ability to influence others' behavior.
  • State: The legitimate holder of authority within a territory.
  • Government: The institutions and processes that wield state power.
  • Ideology: A set of beliefs about how society should be organized. (e.g., liberalism, socialism, conservatism)
  • Political Participation: The ways citizens engage in the political process (e.g., voting, protesting, campaigning).

Who are influential figures in politics?

  • Plato: Debated the ideal form of government in his Republic.
  • Aristotle: Analyzed different political systems and the importance of citizen participation.
  • Niccolò Machiavelli: Provided a realist perspective on power politics in The Prince.
  • John Locke: Championed individual rights and social contract theory.
  • Karl Marx: Offered a critique of capitalism and envisioned a communist society.

Why is politics important?

Politics is fundamental to understanding the world around us. It helps us:

  • Become Informed Citizens: Understand your rights, responsibilities, and role in shaping society.
  • Critically Analyze Political Events: Decipher political rhetoric and make informed decisions about who to support.
  • Promote Positive Change: Engage in the political process to advocate for your values and improve society.

How is politics applied in practice?

  • Campaigning: Political consultants and strategists use their knowledge of politics to help candidates win elections.
  • Policymaking: Policy analysts use political knowledge to design and advocate for effective policies.
  • Journalism: Political reporters analyze and explain political events for the public.
  • Activism: Understanding politics empowers individuals and groups to advocate for change in their communities.
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What is democracy?

What is democracy?

Democracy isn't a standalone field, but rather a concept studied across various disciplines. Political science takes the lead, examining its structures, functions, and challenges. Philosophy explores its theoretical foundations and justifications. History analyzes its evolution and different forms throughout history.

What are the main features of democracy?

  • Interdisciplinary: Draws from various disciplines to create a comprehensive understanding of democracy.
  • Focus on Popular Rule: Examines how power is vested in the people and exercised through mechanisms like elections and citizen participation.
  • Normative and Empirical: Analyzes the ideals of democracy (normative) and how it functions in practice (empirical).

What are important sub-areas in democracy?

  • Comparative Politics: Compares different democratic systems (e.g., presidential vs. parliamentary) and their effectiveness.
  • Democratic Theory: Explores different justifications for democracy, its core principles (like liberty and equality), and potential challenges.
  • Political Participation: Analyzes how citizens engage in the democratic process (voting, activism, etc.).
  • Democratization: Studies the processes by which countries transition from non-democratic to democratic systems.

What are key concepts in democracy?

  • Popular Sovereignty: The supreme power resides with the people.
  • Legitimacy: The government's right to rule is derived from the consent of the governed.
  • Representation: Citizens choose representatives to make decisions on their behalf.
  • Elections: Competitive elections are a cornerstone of democracy.
  • Rule of Law: Everyone, including the government, is subject to the law.
  • Civil Liberties: Fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed to citizens (e.g., freedom of speech, assembly, religion).

Who are influential figures in democracy?

  • Plato and Aristotle: Early philosophers who debated the ideal forms of government and citizen participation.
  • John Locke: Championed social contract theory and individual rights.
  • Montesquieu: Advocated for separation of powers to limit government abuse.
  • James Madison: Key figure in designing the US system of checks and balances.
  • John Stuart Mill: Emphasized individual liberty and freedom of expression.

Why is democracy important?

Democracy is crucial because:

  • It promotes individual rights, freedoms, and equality.
  • It encourages citizen participation and political accountability.
  • It provides a peaceful mechanism for transferring power through elections.

How is democracy applied in practice?

  • Constitution Drafting: Political scientists and legal scholars advise on crafting democratic constitutions that define power structures and citizen rights.
  • Election Monitoring: Experts observe elections to ensure fairness and transparency.
  • Promoting Democratic Values: Organizations and activists work to strengthen democratic institutions and practices around the world.
  • Education and Civic Engagement: Educating citizens about their rights and responsibilities is essential for a functioning democracy.
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What is fundamental rights?

What is fundamental rights?

Fundamental rights focus specifically on the legal and constitutional frameworks that protect basic rights and freedoms within a particular country. It delves into the legal interpretations, limitations, and enforcement mechanisms surrounding these rights.

What are the main features of fundamental rights?

  • National Focus: It primarily examines the legal framework of a specific country's constitution and legal system. (This differs from human rights, which has a more universal perspective.)
  • Legal Analysis: Focuses on legal doctrines, case law, and judicial interpretations of fundamental rights.
  • Balance of Power: Analyzes how fundamental rights function within a nation's system of checks and balances, protecting individuals from state overreach.

What are important sub-areas in fundamental rights?

  • Equality Rights: Examines legal principles that guarantee equal treatment under the law and prohibit discrimination.
  • Freedom of Speech and Expression: Analyzes the legal boundaries and limitations on free speech and expression within a country.
  • Due Process Rights: Focuses on legal procedures that ensure fairness in the justice system.
  • Privacy Rights: Explores the legal protections for individual privacy and personal data.

What are key concepts in fundamental rights?

  • Constitution: The supreme law of a country that outlines the structure of government and fundamental rights of citizens.
  • Judicial Review: The power of courts to review the constitutionality of laws and government actions.
  • Standing: The legal requirement for someone to bring a case challenging a law or government action.
  • Proportionality: The principle that restrictions on fundamental rights must be necessary and proportionate to achieve a legitimate aim.
  • Bill of Rights: A document (like the US Bill of Rights) that outlines fundamental rights and liberties.

Who are influential figures in fundamental rights?

  • John Locke: Philosopher who laid the groundwork for concepts of natural rights and limitations on government power.
  • Montesquieu: Advocated for the separation of powers to protect individual liberty.
  • James Madison: Key figure in drafting the US Constitution, ensuring fundamental rights protections.
  • Ruth Bader Ginsburg: US Supreme Court Justice who championed gender equality through her legal decisions.

Why is fundamental rights important?

Understanding fundamental rights is crucial because:

  • They are the cornerstone of a democratic society, protecting individuals from arbitrary government actions.
  • They empower citizens to hold their government accountable.
  • They provide a legal framework for resolving disputes and ensuring fairness.

How is fundamental rights applied in practice?

  • Constitutional Law: Lawyers specialize in interpreting and litigating cases involving fundamental rights.
  • Legal Advocacy: Advocates use knowledge of fundamental rights to challenge discriminatory laws and policies.
  • Policymaking: Policymakers consider fundamental rights when drafting laws and regulations.
  • Judicial Review: Judges use their understanding of fundamental rights to decide cases and ensure laws are constitutional.
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What is human rights?

What is human rights?

Human Rights is an interdisciplinary field that examines the concept of universal human rights, their legal frameworks, and the ongoing struggle to protect them. It explores the ethical, philosophical, legal, and political dimensions of human dignity and well-being.

What are the main features of human rights?

  • Universal Focus: It emphasizes the inherent and inalienable rights belonging to all human beings, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, religion, gender, or any other status.
  • Interdisciplinary Approach: Draws from law, philosophy, political science, sociology, and history to understand human rights issues.
  • Focus on Advocacy: Human rights scholars not only study rights but also advocate for their protection and promotion.

What are important sub-areas in human rights?

  • International Human Rights Law: Analyzes legal frameworks and institutions that protect human rights on a global scale (e.g., UN Human Rights Council, International Criminal Court).
  • Human Rights and Development: Explores the link between human rights and economic and social development.
  • Human Rights and Specific Groups: Focuses on the specific struggles and rights of marginalized groups like women, children, refugees, and indigenous peoples.
  • Human Rights in a Globalized World: Examines the impact of globalization, technology, and emerging threats on human rights.

What are key concepts in human rights?

  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A landmark document adopted by the UN in 1948, outlining fundamental human rights and freedoms.
  • Human Dignity: The inherent worth and respect due to every human being.
  • Social Justice: The fair distribution of resources and opportunities to ensure everyone can enjoy their human rights.
  • Accountability: The responsibility of states and individuals to uphold and protect human rights.
  • Empowerment: Providing individuals and groups with the knowledge and resources to claim their rights.

Who are influential figures in human rights?

  • Eleanor Roosevelt: Championed the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
  • Nelson Mandela: Fought against racial segregation and apartheid, advocating for human rights for all.
  • Malala Yousafzai: Activist for girls' education rights.
  • Indira Gandhi: Advocated for the rights of developing nations on the international stage.

Why is human rights important?

Human Rights are crucial because:

  • They are the foundation for a just and equitable world where everyone has the opportunity to thrive.
  • They protect people from abuse and discrimination.
  • They empower individuals to claim their rightful place in society.

How is human rights applied in practice?

  • Human Rights Lawyers: Work in legal advocacy, litigation, and promoting human rights compliance.
  • Human Rights Organizations: Work with communities to document abuses, advocate for change, and provide humanitarian assistance.
  • Policy Development: Human Rights scholars inform policy creation to promote human rights on a national and international level.
  • Education and Awareness: Educating individuals about their rights empowers them to claim them and hold duty-bearers accountable.
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What is international organization as study or working field?
What is public administration?
What is development studies?
What is public policy studies?
What is developmental sociology?
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Summaries: legendary standard works, literature and manuals about international relations and politics

Summaries: legendary standard works, literature and manuals about international relations and politics

Summaries of legendary standard works, literature and manuals related to international relations, organizations and politics

    Summary with International Economics and Business. Nations and Firms in the Global Economy by Beugelsdijk

    Summary with International Economics and Business. Nations and Firms in the Global Economy by Beugelsdijk

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    CHAPTER A: ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION- WHAT, HOW AND WHEN?

    §A.1 ‘The global economy- Some general information’

    There is no one standard answer to the question: “What is globalization?”. Globalization means different things to different people. Take farm leaders, trade unionists and human rights activists as an example ; they all see different pros and cons for globalization.

    Based on this argumentation, there are five key issues to be considered:

    • Cultural globalization > Which is about the debate whether there is one big global culture or a set of universal cultural variables, and the degree  to which these universal cultural variables displace embedded national cultures and traditions.

    An example that illustrates this debate: there are people afraid of ‘McDonaldization’ (hige multinationals are the carriers of culture globalization) and there are people seeing enough room for local traditions.

    • Economic globalization > Which is about the decline of national markets and the rise of global markets. Drivers for economic globalization are fundamental changes in technology which permit more efficient ways of internationally organizing production processes.
    • Geographical globalization > Which is about the result of ‘joint time and space’ due to reduced travel times and the rapid (electronic) exchange of information. Some neo-liberals named this development the ‘end of geography’ in which location no longer matters.
    • Institutional globalization > Which is about the spread of universal institutional regulations across the world, triggered by US President Reagan’s and UK Prime Minister Thatcher’s ‘revolution’ of neo-liberalism. These neo-liberal policies are represented by institutions such as the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the WB (World Bank) and the WTO (World Trade Organization). These universal institutional regulations are not only on macro-economic level, but also on the micro-economic level: multinationals adopt similar policies under the pressure of competition and regulation.
    • Political globalization > Which is about the relationship between the power of the market (multinational corporations) versus the nation-state, which continuously has to make changes and updates in reaction to economic and political forces. Popular anti-globalists stress that large multinationals become more and more powerful, out-powering the majority of nation-states. In contradiction, others point out that real evidence for these fears is lacking, as the state has to provide security, a legal system, education and infrastructure, which are all of vital importance for economic activity and growth.

    Keynes once said that the master economist should “examine the present in light of the past, for the purpose of the future”, by which the common opinion about economic globalization was that it was a totally new.....read more

    Summary with the 2nd edition of International Economics and Business: Nations and Firms in the Global Economy by Beugelsdijk
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    International Human Resource Management

    International Human Resource Management

    Summary of: Ewards, T. & Kuruvilla, S. (2005). International HRM: National Business Systems, Organizational Politics, and the International Division of Labour in MNCs. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(1)

    INTERNATIONAL HRM

    Strategic human resource management: The RBV suggests that the firm’s human resources can be used to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. But failures by the HRM policy can turn human resources into a major source of disadvantage. Considering transaction cost economics, the decision to add one or more factory workers on the assembly line might be made using the logic of transaction cost analysis. But maybe not when we talk about skilled workers and probably even less again when we’re talking about workers core to our firm.

     

    Human resource management (HRM) is a field of theory and practice that deals with decisions related to policies and practices, that together help to shape the relationship between the firm and its employees. It is suggested that:

    • Human capital can be a source of competitive advantage; and

    • HR practices have the most direct influence on the human capital of an organization.

     

    Most conceptual models provide grounds for expecting MNCs to adopt a global element to the way they manage their international workforces to reap the benefits from coordination and integration; consistency and contribution; and learning lessons across operation (transferring knowledge). Another pressure for global HR policies is the country of origin effect (i.e. export the home country style). In contrast, there are also a variety of grounds expecting MNCs to adopt a local element in their HR policies. Decentralization is pressed for by differing national cultures (i.e. multi-culturalism) and national-level regulations and institutions.
     

    A variety of authors argue for a middle way, a combination of the global and local pressures. Yet, the tension between integration (consistency of HR practices in the MNC) and differentiation (local adaptation) is determined by a list of endogenous and exogenous factors, so many in fact that the models are difficult to operationalize.
     

    There are three significant weaknesses and problems to the existing literature:

    1. Inadequate conceptualization of national influences
    The weak explanatory power of the precise origins and nature of both global and local effects. Importantly, where there is an attempt to analyze a national system it is often couched in terms of culture.

    This can take two forms:

    1. Either culture is used in a loose way to capture all aspects of national differences

    2. Use is made of a particular typology of culture, such as Hofstede’s.

    Apart from the utility for HR policy, perhaps the major problem with these cultural approaches is that they explain relatively little.

    An alternative approach is to focus on the key institutions within a nation. Focus on a national business system, which is a set of interlocking structures and institutions in different spheres of economic and social life that combine to create a nationally distinct pattern

    .....read more
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    Summary: Law of Public International Organizations

    Summary: Law of Public International Organizations

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    Chapter 1: Introduction

    The activities of international organizations are subject to law, and give rise to law. Each and every international organization has a set of rules relating to its own functioning. As international organizations do not exist in a vacuum, their activities are also bound to exercise some influence on other legal systems, and absorb the influence of such systems. While it is possible that international organizations are influenced by, and exert influence on, the law of individual nation-states, the more direct and influential links usually exist within the body of rules known as international law.

    Critical legal theory

    The law of international organizations is still somewhat immature. On numerous points the law lacks certainty. In particular, international legal doctrine has a hard time coming to terms with the relationship between an international organization and the very states which are its members. On the one hand, the law is supposed to respect the interests of individual states. Yet at the same time, the law must also take the interests of the international community into account. Following the critical legal tradition, international law is bound to swerve back and forth between these two poles of sovereignty and community. It is this tension which makes international legal rules often ultimately uncertain. This tension also reflects in the law of international organizations, for example regarding the so-called principle of attribution of powers. Strict adherents to the notion of state sovereignty will not easily admit the existence of implied powers; yet for the protection of community interests, an implied power may well be deemed desirable.

    The main benefit of critical legal theory is its capacity to make visible the inherent tensions and contradictions which help shape the law. In this way it can provide great services in understanding international institutional law.

    Defining international organizations

    What exactly is an international organization? While it is structurally impossible to define in a comprehensive manner, something which is a social creation (social constructs, created by people in order to help them achieve some purpose) to begin with, it is common in the literature to delimit international organizations in at least some ways. One delimitation often made depends on the body of law governing the activities of the organization. If those activities are governed by international law, we speak of an international organization, or at least of an intergovernmental organization. If those activities are governed by some domestic law, we usually say that the organization in.....read more

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    Summary: Financial Accounting: An International Introduction

    Summary: Financial Accounting: An International Introduction

    This summary was written in the year 2013-2014.

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    1. Introduction to Financial Accounting

    Definitions

    Accounting has evolved over the years based on a response to different perceived needs in that field. In different countries and in different environments accounting has developed in different ways. Because of this there is not one single definition for the word accounting. Generally speaking, accounting exists to provide service for different types of people dealing with business entities, such as managers, investors, lenders, employees, suppliers, customers, governments, and the public.

    There are key words for accounting which are:

    • Process
    • Information
    • Economic nature
    • Enable decision making

    Managerial accounting (internal)

    Managerial accounting targets at management within organizations, therefore no commercially confidential information needs to be kept secret. No external checking is needed for the reporting. Compared with financial reporting, it is more detailed, more frequent, and involving forecasting all the important figures for next year. It is concerned with the provision of information intended to be useful to management within the business

    Financial accounting (external)

    Accounting for users outside of the business itself (examples are listed in the definition, excluding managers). According to IASB, financial reporting is largely designed to provide investors with useful information, concentrating on immediate past. External checking is needed.

    Users of financial statements:

    • Investors
    • Employees
    • Suppliers
    • Governments
    • Public
    • Customers
    • Other lenders

    Auditing

    A control mechanism made to provide both external and independent checks on the published financial statements and reports of organizations.

    • Finance: looks at the optimal means of raising money
    • Financial management: the optimal means of spending it
    • Financial accounting: reporting on the results of having used it

    Bookkeeping

    Records data and keeping records of money and financially related movements. It is financial and management accounting that takes the raw data, chooses and presents it as appropriate. Therefore, financial accounting acts as the communicating process to those outside the enterprise.

    Regulation

    Market forces, the 'state' and accountancy profession together determine accounting regulation. The accounting profession is organized in associations. The European Union requires two types of organization: qualifying bodies (exams & technical rules) and regulatory bodies which are under government control. The coordinating organization for the accountancy profession around the world is IFAC (International Federation of Accountants). The purpose of IFAC is “to develop and enhance a coordinated worldwide accountancy profession with harmonized standards”. IASB (International Accounting Standards Board) is independent and has total autonomy in the setting of.....read more

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    Internationale communicatie en interculturele communicatie: De beste studieboeken samengevat

    Internationale communicatie en interculturele communicatie: De beste studieboeken samengevat

    Internationale Bedrijfskunde en Strategie: De beste studieboeken samengevat

    Internationale Bedrijfskunde en Strategie: De beste studieboeken samengevat

    Samenvattingen en studiehulp bij Internationale Bedrijfskunde en Strategie

    Wat is internationale bedrijfskunde en strategie?

    • Internationale bedrijfskunde is de studie en praktijk van het besturen van bedrijven in een wereldwijde context. Het richt zich op het begrijpen van verschillende culturen, economieën en markten om succesvol zaken te doen over de grenzen heen. Internationale strategie is een plan van aanpak dat een bedrijf volgt om zijn doelen te bereiken op de wereldmarkt. Het houdt rekening met de specifieke uitdagingen en kansen die internationale handel met zich meebrengt.

    Wat zijn de beste boeken die voor internationale bedrijfskunde en strategie zijn samengevat?

    • Lees verder voor alle uitgelichte boeksamenvattingen
    Boeksamenvatting bij Business History: complexities and comparisons van Amatori en Colli
    Boeksamenvatting bij International economics van Marrewijk
    Boeksamenvatting bij de 5e druk van Operations and Supply Chain Management, The Core van Jacobs en Chase
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    International Law: summaries of legendary standard works, literature and manuals

    International Law: summaries of legendary standard works, literature and manuals

    Summaries of legendary standard works, literature and manuals related to International Law

    Summary: Law of Public International Organizations

    Summary: Law of Public International Organizations

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    Chapter 1: Introduction

    The activities of international organizations are subject to law, and give rise to law. Each and every international organization has a set of rules relating to its own functioning. As international organizations do not exist in a vacuum, their activities are also bound to exercise some influence on other legal systems, and absorb the influence of such systems. While it is possible that international organizations are influenced by, and exert influence on, the law of individual nation-states, the more direct and influential links usually exist within the body of rules known as international law.

    Critical legal theory

    The law of international organizations is still somewhat immature. On numerous points the law lacks certainty. In particular, international legal doctrine has a hard time coming to terms with the relationship between an international organization and the very states which are its members. On the one hand, the law is supposed to respect the interests of individual states. Yet at the same time, the law must also take the interests of the international community into account. Following the critical legal tradition, international law is bound to swerve back and forth between these two poles of sovereignty and community. It is this tension which makes international legal rules often ultimately uncertain. This tension also reflects in the law of international organizations, for example regarding the so-called principle of attribution of powers. Strict adherents to the notion of state sovereignty will not easily admit the existence of implied powers; yet for the protection of community interests, an implied power may well be deemed desirable.

    The main benefit of critical legal theory is its capacity to make visible the inherent tensions and contradictions which help shape the law. In this way it can provide great services in understanding international institutional law.

    Defining international organizations

    What exactly is an international organization? While it is structurally impossible to define in a comprehensive manner, something which is a social creation (social constructs, created by people in order to help them achieve some purpose) to begin with, it is common in the literature to delimit international organizations in at least some ways. One delimitation often made depends on the body of law governing the activities of the organization. If those activities are governed by international law, we speak of an international organization, or at least of an intergovernmental organization. If those activities are governed by some domestic law, we usually say that the organization in.....read more

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    Summary of International Law by Shaw: 7th edition

    Summary of International Law by Shaw: 7th edition

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    Chapter A The nature and development of international law

    The principal actors in international law are nation-states, not individual citizens like in domestic or municipal law. International law is divided into conflict of law, private international law and public international law. The latter is usually termed ‘international law’. Public international law covers relations between states in all their forms, and regulates the operations of the many international institutions. It may be universal or general, binding upon all states, or regional, binding upon a select group of states.

    International law has no legislature. There is no system of courts operating outside the situation when both parties agree and recognize the concerned Court. International law is constituted in a very different manner than domestic law. Also, there is no unified system of sanctions in international law, but there are circumstances in which the use of force is regarded as justified and legal. Within the United Nations, the Security Council can impose sanctions upon the determination of a threat to the peace, a breach of the peace or an act of aggression. Such sanctions may be economic or military. Another justification of the use of force is in the case of self-defense, but it is bound to rules provided by international law. It is important to realize that states do feel the need to obey the rules of international law, because if they do not act accordingly, the system of international law ceases to exist.

    The international system

    The international system has a horizontal structure; all states are considered equal. In municipal law, the law is above individuals, but in international law the law only exists between the states. Also, in municipal law, the individual has no influence on the creation of law. In international law, states create it themselves, as international law consists mostly of agreements and treaties developed and signed by states. An important element for states in order to obey international law is the principle of reciprocity. States often do not pursue one particular course of action which might bring them short-term gains, because it could disrupt the mesh of reciprocal tolerance which could bring long-term

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    Summary of International Law by Shaw: 6th edition
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    Summary of Handbook of International Law by Aust

    Summary of Handbook of International Law by Aust

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    Chapter 1. International law

    Private international law and transnational law

    The term ‘private international law’ refers to what is known as the ‘conflict of laws’. It covers the body of rules of a State’s domestic law which addresses legal issues with foreign elements; these rules determine which legal rules and jurisdiction are applicable.

    A number of institutions are responsible for harmonisation of rules concerning conflict of laws. The Hague Conference on Private International Law, established in 1893 is tasked with the harmonisation of domestic rules on conflict of laws; UNIDROIT is responsible for the harmonisation of commercial domestic laws; UNCITRAL is tasked with harmonising international trade law.

    The term ‘transnational law’ primarily connotes the study of the laws of multiple States, comparative law, supranational law, and (commercial) public international law. The study of transnational law gives the impression that the laws of States are becoming ever more similar; however, this is not the case.

    The nature of international law

    International law is generally known as ‘public international law’ (sometimes also as ‘general international law’), in contrast to the public international law described above. It was previously known as the ‘Law of Nations’. Public international law is the product of the actions of States instead of a single national legal system.

    The history of public international law is generally said to have started with Hugo Grotius, a Dutch jurist and diplomat, who lived from 1583 to 1645. Another important event in the early history of Public International Law is the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which concluded the end of the Thirty Years’ War and the period of feudalism in European history. It also marked the emergence of the modern nation state with a strong centralised government exercising control over its subjects. These new states were in need of rules to govern conduct between them. From the mid-seventeenth century these rules governing the relations between states evolved into contemporary international law.

    Many students of international law question whether it

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    An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure

    An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure

    International Criminal Law and Procedure by Cryer e.a.

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    Part A: Introduction

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    Chapter 1: Aspects of international criminal law

    Introduction

    Public international law primarily regulates interactions between States. However, international criminal law is mainly concerned with the conduct of individual persons. If persons violate international laws, that imposes the obligation on States to penalise such actions. International criminal law has been rapidly developing following the Second World War. This means that the broader field of international law is increasingly focusing on protecting humans rather than only the interests and obligations of States. An exception to this is that the crime of aggression can only be committed by (high-ranking) State officials. The project of international criminal law is quite recent.. Especially the Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda established in the 1990s have been important for its case law. International criminal courts and tribunals courts do not possess universal jurisdiction. Their rules are not always homogeneous or consistent. This can be explained partially by the fact that international criminal rules derive from a variety of sources. War crimes, for example, have developed from international humanitarian law. Genocide and crimes against humanity have evolved together with international human rights standards. War crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression constitute the most important crimes on which international law focuses. These are also the crimes to which the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court is limited......read more

    Summary of International Criminal Law and Procedure by Cryer
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    Supersummary International Law - Anders Henriksen

    Supersummary International Law - Anders Henriksen

    With this book, Anders Henriksen has created a complete overview of international law. The book starts of with the basics of international law. All the important terms are discussed in detail. Comparisons are made between international and national but also EU-law.

    After the explanation of the basics, different types of law are discussed. The influence of international law is made claer in this respect. The law of the sea, human rights law, environmental law and economic law all fall under international law for some part, but they differ from eachother in certain aspects. What complicates this even more, is that states and international organizations also have established their own rules. 

    Lastly, it is discussed how international law can be enforced and what happens when it is not obeyed. The book touches on peacefull dispute setlement, use of force, armed conflicts and international criminal law, and the relation between these breaches and solutions of international law. 

    The book is written especially for students, so everything is neatly structured and clearly explained. This book is perfect for beginning students who are just starting to learn about international law but also provides a very complete and detailed understanding of international law. The fact that de book starts of with the basics and later dives into the more complex issues, makes the material very understandable.

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    Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international business & strategy

    Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international business & strategy

    International Business & Strategy: The best concepts summarized

    A short introduction to the best concepts of international business & strategy: From business strategy to organizational behavior

    What is business strategy?

    What is business strategy?

    Business strategy, as a field of study, delves into the art and science of making long-term decisions that shape an organization's direction and achieve its goals. It equips you to analyze a company's situation, identify opportunities and threats, and develop a winning roadmap for success.

    What are the key features of business strategy?

    • Future-Oriented: Strategic decisions consider the long-term direction of the organization, anticipating future trends and market changes.
    • Competitive Advantage: The core objective is to create and sustain a competitive advantage, allowing the company to outperform its rivals.
    • Resource Allocation: Strategic decisions determine how resources like capital, talent, and technology will be allocated to achieve the chosen path.
    • Alignment and Consistency: Effective strategy ensures all parts of the organization are aligned and working towards the same strategic goals.

    What are important sub-areas of business strategy?

    • Competitive Analysis: Examining the competitive landscape, understanding rivals' strengths and weaknesses, and identifying opportunities for differentiation.
    • Industry Analysis: Analyzing the industry's overall structure, growth potential, and key trends that may impact the company's performance.
    • Corporate Strategy: Decisions concerning the overall direction of the company, including diversification, mergers and acquisitions, and vertical integration.
    • Business Unit Strategy: Developing strategies for individual business units within a larger corporation, considering their specific competitive environment and market position.
    • Functional Area Strategies: Formulating strategies for specific functions like marketing, finance, and operations, ensuring alignment with the overall corporate strategy.

    What are the key concepts in business strategy?

    • Porter's Five Forces: A framework by Michael Porter that analyzes the competitive forces in an industry (threat of new entrants, bargaining power of buyers and suppliers, threat of substitutes, and competitive rivalry) to understand industry attractiveness and profitability.
    • SWOT Analysis: A strategic planning tool that evaluates a company's Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, providing a comprehensive picture of its internal and external environment.
    • Value Chain Analysis: Breaking down a company's activities into primary (creating and delivering products) and support activities (infrastructure, HR), identifying opportunities to add value and reduce costs.
    • Competitive Advantage: The ability to outperform competitors by offering unique value to customers, achieving lower costs, or a combination of both. There are three main types: cost leadership, differentiation, and focus.
    • Core Competencies: The unique skills and capabilities that enable a company to create value for its customers and give it a competitive edge.

    Who are influential figures in business strategy?

    • Michael Porter: A prominent scholar whose work on competitive strategy, including Porter's Five Forces and value chain analysis, is foundational to the field.
    • Peter Drucker: Management consultant who emphasized the importance of innovation and customer focus for long-term business success.
    • Gary Hamel and C.K. Prahalad: Introduced the concept of "core competencies" and "blue ocean strategy," advocating for creating new market space rather than competing head-on with rivals.
    • Clayton Christensen: Pioneered the theory of disruptive innovation, highlighting how established companies can be challenged by new entrants with innovative business models.

    Why is business strategy important?

    Effective business strategy is crucial for a company's

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    What is organization?

    What is organization?

    Organization studies, also known as organizational studies or organization science, dives deep into the complexities of how organizations function. It examines how individuals, groups, and structures interact within organizations to achieve goals, adapt to change, and ultimately influence society.

    What are the main features of organization?

    • Focus on Collective Action: It explores how individuals within organizations collaborate, coordinate, and make decisions to achieve a common purpose.
    • Multidisciplinary Approach: Organization studies draws insights from various disciplines like sociology, psychology, economics, and management to understand organizational behavior.
    • Formal and Informal Structures: It analyzes both the formal structures and processes designed by management, as well as the informal networks and relationships that emerge within organizations.
    • Power Dynamics: This field examines how power is distributed within organizations, influencing decision-making, resource allocation, and overall organizational behavior.
    • Organizational Change: A crucial aspect of organization studies is understanding how organizations adapt to internal and external changes in the environment.

    What are important sub-areas of organization?

    • Organizational Theory: Explores different theoretical perspectives on how organizations function and evolve, including bureaucracy, institutional theory, and resource dependence theory.
    • Organizational Behavior: Focuses on individual and group dynamics within organizations, studying leadership, motivation, communication, and conflict management.
    • Strategic Management: Analyzes how organizations formulate and implement strategies to achieve long-term goals, considering factors like competition, market opportunities, and resource allocation.
    • Organizational Design: Studies how organizations structure themselves to achieve efficiency and effectiveness, considering factors like departmentalization, centralization, and formalization.
    • Organizational Culture: Examines the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the way individuals interact and work within an organization.

    What are the key concepts in organization?

    • Formal Structure: The official hierarchy and reporting relationships within an organization, often depicted through organizational charts.
    • Informal Structure: The network of unofficial relationships and communication channels that exist within an organization.
    • Organizational Culture: The shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the way individuals interact and work within an organization.
    • Power: The ability to influence others' behavior and decisions within an organization.
    • Organizational Change: The process of adapting an organization's structure, processes, or culture to meet new challenges and opportunities.

    Who are influential figures in organization?

    • Max Weber: Developed the concept of bureaucracy, a formal structure characterized by hierarchy, rules, and specialization.
    • Frederick Winslow Taylor: A pioneer of scientific management, emphasizing efficiency and standardization of work processes.
    • Henri Fayol: Contributed to classical management theory, focusing on principles of management like planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
    • Elton Mayo: Pioneered the Hawthorne studies, demonstrating the importance of social factors on worker productivity.
    • H. Mintzberg: Known for his work on organizational structure, identifying different configurations of organizational design.

    Why is organization important?

    Organization studies is crucial for several reasons:

    • Understanding Organizations: It equips individuals with the knowledge to navigate complex organizational structures, work effectively within teams, and contribute to organizational success.
    • Effective Management: This field provides valuable insights for managers to lead teams, make informed decisions, and foster a positive organizational culture.
    • Organizational Change: By understanding how organizations change, leaders can
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    What is management?

    What is management?

    Management, as a field of study, equips individuals with the knowledge and skills to effectively plan, organize, lead, control, and coordinate resources (human, financial, material) to achieve an organization's goals. It's a broad discipline encompassing various aspects of running a successful enterprise. Here's a breakdown:

    What are the main features of management?

    • Goal-Oriented: Management practices are designed to achieve specific organizational objectives, ensuring all activities contribute to the overall goals.
    • Decision-Making: Managers make informed decisions by analyzing information, considering alternatives, and weighing potential risks and rewards.
    • Leadership: Effective leaders inspire, motivate, and guide their teams towards achieving common goals.
    • Communication: Clear and concise communication is essential for collaboration, task delegation, and ensuring everyone is aligned with the organization's direction.

    What are important sub-areas of management?

    • Human Resource Management (HRM): Focuses on attracting, developing, and retaining a talented workforce to achieve organizational goals.
    • Organizational Behavior (OB): Examines how individuals, groups, and structures interact within organizations, influencing overall effectiveness.
    • Operations Management: Ensures efficient and effective production of goods or services, optimizing processes and managing resources.
    • Marketing Management: Develops and implements strategies to promote products or services to target markets, driving sales and revenue growth.
    • Financial Management: Manages the company's finances, including securing capital, making investment decisions, and ensuring financial stability.

    What are the key concepts in management?

    • Planning: Setting organizational goals, developing strategies to achieve them, and creating action plans to guide day-to-day operations.
    • Organizing: Structuring the organization to efficiently achieve goals, allocating resources, and assigning tasks.
    • Leading: Motivating, inspiring, and guiding employees to achieve their full potential and contribute to the organization's success.
    • Controlling: Monitoring progress towards goals, measuring performance, and taking corrective action as needed.
    • Organizational Culture: The shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that characterize an organization, influencing decision-making and employee behavior.

    Who are influential figures in management?

    • Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915): Pioneered scientific management, focusing on efficiency and work process optimization. While some aspects are outdated, his work laid the groundwork for management practices.
    • Henri Fayol (1841-1925): Developed 14 Principles of Management, emphasizing planning, organizing, leading, and controlling as core managerial functions.
    • Abraham Maslow (1908-1970): Proposed Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, a framework explaining human motivation, influencing how managers can motivate employees.
    • Peter Drucker (1909-2005): Management consultant who emphasized the importance of innovation and knowledge workers for organizational success.

    Why is management important?

    Effective management is crucial for organizational success in several ways:

    • Achieving Goals: Provides a framework for setting clear goals, allocating resources, and ensuring activities are aligned with desired outcomes.
    • Increased Efficiency and Productivity: Management practices optimize workflows, improve resource utilization, and ultimately lead to a more productive organization.
    • Motivated Workforce: Effective managers create a positive work environment that motivates employees and fosters high performance.
    • Innovation and Adaptation: Management practices encourage innovation, facilitate change, and enable organizations to adapt to market dynamics.
    • Competitive Advantage: Strong management skills can give an organization a competitive edge by enabling efficient operations, attracting top talent, and capitalizing on new opportunities.
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    What is organizational behavior?

    What is organizational behavior?

    Organizational behavior delves into the intricate dynamics of how individuals, groups, and structures interact within organizations. It's essentially the study of human behavior in a workplace setting and its impact on overall organizational effectiveness.

    What are the main features of organizational behavior?

    • Micro-Macro Focus: OB examines behavior at both the individual and group levels (micro) and how these behaviors influence the organization as a whole (macro).
    • Multiple Levels of Analysis: It considers factors like individual personalities, group dynamics, organizational culture, and leadership styles, and how these interact to shape organizational outcomes.
    • Evidence-Based Approach: OB relies on research findings from psychology, sociology, and other disciplines to understand human behavior at work and develop effective management practices.
    • Dynamic and Evolving: The field of OB is constantly evolving as work environments and employee expectations change.

    What are important sub-areas of organizational behavior?

    • Motivation: Explores what drives employees to work hard, stay engaged, and achieve goals.
    • Leadership: Examines different leadership styles, their effectiveness, and how leaders influence employee behavior and organizational performance.
    • Teamwork and Group Dynamics: Studies how groups form, function, and collaborate effectively in organizational settings.
    • Organizational Culture: Analyzes the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that characterize an organization and their impact on employee behavior and decision-making.
    • Organizational Change: Investigates how organizations manage change initiatives, employee resistance to change, and how to create a culture that embraces adaptation.

    What are the key concepts of organizational behavior?

    • Motivation Theories: Frameworks like Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory explain what motivates individuals at work.
    • Leadership Styles: Transformational, transactional, participative, and autocratic leadership styles each have different effects on employee motivation and performance.
    • Group Dynamics: Concepts like groupthink, social loafing, and team norms influence how groups function and make decisions.
    • Organizational Culture: Culture can be strong or weak, fostering innovation, collaboration, or hindering performance.
    • Organizational Change Management: Effective change management involves clear communication, employee participation, and addressing resistance to ensure a smooth transition.

    Who are influential figures in organizational behavior?

    • Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915): Pioneered scientific management, emphasizing efficiency and productivity. While some aspects are outdated, his work laid the groundwork for understanding work processes.
    • Abraham Maslow (1908-1970): Developed Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, a framework explaining human motivation through a hierarchy of needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
    • Frederick Herzberg (1923-2000): Proposed the Two-Factor Theory, distinguishing between hygiene factors (work environment) and motivators (achievement, recognition) that influence job satisfaction.
    • Elton Mayo (1880-1949): His Hawthorne Experiments challenged the scientific management view, demonstrating the importance of social factors on worker productivity.

    Why is organizational behavior important?

    Understanding OB is crucial for effective management and organizational success:

    • Improved Employee Performance: Knowing what motivates employees and fosters engagement helps create a work environment that encourages high performance.
    • Enhanced Team Dynamics: Understanding group dynamics helps managers build high-performing teams that collaborate effectively.
    • Effective Leadership: OB insights equip leaders to adopt styles that motivate and inspire employees, leading to better organizational outcomes.
    • Managing Change: OB principles help organizations manage
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    What is strategic management?

    What is strategic management?

    Strategic management equips organizations with the knowledge and tools to navigate a competitive landscape and achieve long-term goals. It's a comprehensive field that focuses on formulating, implementing, and evaluating strategies to ensure an organization's sustainable advantage. Here's a breakdown of this crucial discipline:

    What are main features of strategic management?

    • Long-Term Focus: This field goes beyond day-to-day operations, emphasizing setting strategic direction and making decisions with long-term consequences in mind.
    • Competitive Advantage: Strategic management analyzes the internal and external environment to identify an organization's strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats, ultimately aiming to create a sustainable competitive advantage.
    • Strategic Decision-Making: It involves making critical choices about resource allocation, market positioning, growth strategies, and competitive responses.
    • Stakeholder Management: Strategic management considers the needs and interests of various stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, customers, and the broader community.
    • Continuous Process: Strategic management is not a one-time event; it's an ongoing process of monitoring, adapting, and refining strategies in response to a dynamic environment.

    What are important sub-areas of strategic management?

    • Strategic Analysis: Examining the internal and external environment using frameworks like SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis to identify strategic options.
    • Competitive Strategy: Formulating strategies to gain a competitive edge, considering approaches like cost leadership, differentiation, or focus.
    • Corporate Strategy: Decisions concerning the overall portfolio of businesses an organization holds, including mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures.
    • Business Strategy: Developing strategies for individual business units within a larger organization, taking into account their specific markets and competitive landscape.
    • Strategic Implementation: Putting strategies into action by aligning resources, structures, and processes to achieve strategic goals.

    What are key concepts in strategic management?

    • Competitive Advantage: The ability of an organization to outperform its competitors in the marketplace, delivering superior value to customers.
    • Strategic Planning: The process of creating a roadmap for the organization's future, outlining its vision, mission, goals, and strategies.
    • Core Competencies: The unique skills and resources that give an organization a competitive edge.
    • Value Chain: A framework that analyzes the activities performed by an organization and their contribution to creating value for customers.
    • Strategic Leadership: The ability to inspire and guide the organization towards achieving its strategic goals.

    Who are influential figures in strategic management?

    • Alfred Chandler: Pioneered the concept of strategy following structure, suggesting that organizational structure should align with the chosen strategy.
    • Michael Porter: A prominent figure in competitive strategy, known for his five forces framework and his work on generic competitive strategies.
    • Igor Ansoff: Developed the Ansoff Matrix, a tool for analyzing strategic growth opportunities.
    • Gary Hamel and C.K. Prahalad: Advocates of "Blue Ocean Strategy," focusing on creating uncontested market space by differentiating from competitors.
    • Hamel G. Mintzberg: Known for his work on different strategic planning schools and his advocacy for a more flexible and emergent approach to strategy.

    Why is strategic management important?

    Strategic management is crucial for several reasons:

    • Improved Performance: It helps organizations make informed decisions that lead to improved performance, profitability, and sustainable growth.
    • Competitive
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    Samenvattingen: de beste studieboeken voor culturele antropologie samengevat

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    Samenvattingen van de beste studieboeken bij Culturele antropologie

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        WorldSupporter FAQ: how to WorldSupporter, join and sign up?

        WorldSupporter FAQ: how to WorldSupporter, join and sign up?

        Joining JoHo WorldSupporter and using the tools and services on JoHo WorldSupporter

        WorldSupporter: what is JoHo WorldSupporter, how to join and how to contribute?

        WorldSupporter: what is JoHo WorldSupporter, how to join and how to contribute?

        What is 'WorldSupporter'?

        • JoHo WorldSupporter is the online platform where individuals and organizations inspire and help each other on a local and global level
        • You can share and find everything you need to help another, travel responsibly, study well, develop yourself and work for an organization that creates a better world
        • You can gain knowledge, share experiences, answer questions, post comments and publish your own WorldSupporter resume
        • You can share your summaries, photos, blogs, journals, events, sustainable recipes and tips with others
        • You can create and share study materials with WorldSupporters from countries that lack access to educational resources,
        • You can share learning materials that can be used by volunteers helping out in schools around the world.
        • You can work with WorldSupporters from over 150 countries to help make the world around you a better and more tolerant place.

        What is a 'WorldSupporter account and Profile'?

        • A WorldSupporter account can be created in minutes and is linked to your Personal WorldSupporter profile.
        • Your WorldSupporter profile:
          • acts as your own platform for all the content you create or collect on WorldSupporter,
          • shows all content recently created by the organizations, groups and individuals you personally follow,
          • shows what you contribute to the world around you.

        What do you need to do to join, register and get started?

        • to use WorldSupporter for free, you can create an acoount and follow your favorite subject or supporters
        • to support and use WorldSupporter: go to www JoHo.org, and join as a JoHo WorldSupporter member.
        • to use all summaries: go to go to www JoHo.org and join JoHo WorldSupporter Member with full online access to all summaries and content
        • for a profile on WorldSupporter: go to the login page page or use the 'sign in' link in the menu
        • for login: go to the login page to log in or use the 'sign in' link in the menu, visible on every page

        Join JoHo WorldSupporter >>

         

        WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
        WorldSupporter: toolkit for adding and using content on WorldSupporter
        WorldSupporter FAQ: how to WorldSupporter, join and sign up?
        WorldSupporter: what is the JoHo WorldSupporter mission, vision and concept?

        WorldSupporter: what is the JoHo WorldSupporter mission, vision and concept?

         

        Discover The World of JoHo..

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        What is the JoHo mission, vision and concept?

        Mission & Vision

        • JoHo wants to enable people and organizations to develop and collaborate better, thereby contributing to a tolerant, tolerant and sustainable world.
        • Support is provided for personal development and international collaboration is stimulated via online platforms and physical support centers.

        Concept

        • As a JoHo donor, subscriber or insured you support the objectives of JoHo. JoHo then supports you with tools, coaching and benefits in the field of personal development and international activities.
        • JoHo's core services are: study assistance, competence development, coaching and insurance mediation when you leave abroad.
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        What is the JoHo target group?

        Core target groups

        • Travelers, volunteers, workers, emigrants, and everyone involved in the world around them.
        • Young people, students, interns, and anyone who wants to develop themselves further.
        • Projects, initiatives and organizations that are committed to international cooperation.
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        What are the core JoHo themes?

        • Personal development: Learning, Studying, Working, Applying, Entrepreneurship, Initiating.
        • International cooperation: Help, Travel, Arrange, Emigrate, Immigrate & Inspire.
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        How can JoHo support you?

        • In addition to the support you can provide to JoHo, JoHo supports you with tools, decision aid, advice and discounts on articles, insurance, travel, activities, training, facilities, summaries and media use.
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        How can you support JoHo?

        • By using the JoHo products and services you automatically support the goals of JoHo.
        • You can also join JoHo online or in the support center as a donor or subscriber
        • JoHo donors make it possible for JoHo to have been committed to successful projects in the field of development cooperation, knowledge sharing and talent development for years. Anyone who supports JoHo can also contribute to the projects and make use of knowledge, decision aid and discounts.
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        What have JoHo and JoHo donors already achieved?

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        What does the World of JoHo consist of?

        • JoHo WorldSupporter: The JoHo platform for those who also want to do something for others, an online community and marketplace for global citizens, volunteers and involved companies.
        • JoHo Insurances: The JoHo platform for all your insurance, security measures, visa matters, vaccinations & arrangements for short and long stays abroad.
        • JoHo Memberships: The JoHo platform for personal development with tools for study, internship, work, travel and emigration.
        • JoHo Partnerships: The JoHo platform where organizations are enabled to bring their projects, activities and vacancies to the attention of a target group that wants to mean something for the world around them.
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        How can you use JoHo?

        • You can explore the World of JoHo through JoHo support centers, the online platforms and the events.
        • Visit a JoHo World Experience Center, make an online discovery trip, visit JoHo at an event, or contact us by phone.
        • Read about cooperation with and services of JoHo
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        What is the meaning of the term JoHo?

        • The term JoHo has had multiple meanings over the years. Today, reference is made to a more than 2,000-year-old quote from Ashoka. On the banks of the Ganges, the Indian visionary and ruler Ashoka tried to convince his people that all peoples on earth are equal and can learn from each other: "Life is a Journey to Open-mindedness, Helpfulness and Optimism."
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        WorldSupporter: what is the choice in memberships, and what kind of online access is available?

        WorldSupporter: what is the choice in memberships, and what kind of online access is available?

        Image

        What forms of registration are possible and what kind of online access is available:

        1  - Create a free WorldSupporter Profile.

        2 - Join as a JoHo WorldSupporter member with basic services

        • You can join WorldSupporter as a JoHo member to get access to basic services
          • you can add messages and comments to help other supporters and get notifications
          • you can access all content with the access level 'Member'
          • you can request to contribute and add content
          • you will be able to save and collect content made by other supporters
          • you will be able to follow other supporters
          • you will have access to all content with the access level 'WorldSupporters members', that is uploaded and made by other Supporters
          • you are a valued donor who makes an additional contribution to JoHo WorldSupporter
        • Join as WorldSupporter member >>

        3 - Join as a JoHo WorldSupporter member with extra services and online access

        WorldSupporter FAQ: how to WorldSupporter, join and sign up?
        WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about summaries on WorldSupporter.org
        Rules for content and contributions on WorldSupporter - Bundle
        WorldSupporter: register with JoHo WorldSupporter
        WorldSupporter: what to do to get full online access for summaries and services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

        WorldSupporter: what to do to get full online access for summaries and services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

        Image

        How can you use JoHo WorldSupporter?

        1. You can create a free account and follow your favorite subject or supporters (without extra services or online access to exclusives)
        2. You can join as WorldSupporter member to get access to basic services (without extra services or online access to exclusives)
        3. You can join as WorldSupporter member with extra services and online access to extra services and online access to exclusives: see also below

        How do you get full online access to all summaries and exclusives on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

        • Procedure:

          • 1 - Go to JoHo.org/en/joinjoho, and join JoHo WorldSupporter by choosing a membership with online access
          • 2 - Return to WorldSupporter.org and create an account with the same email address
          • 3 - State your JoHo WorldSupporter Membership during the creation of your account
          • 4 - Choose your favorite study, student organization or topic during the creation of your account

        • Start using the services:

          • You have online access to all free + all exclusive summaries and study notes on WorldSupporter.org and JoHo.org
          • You can use all services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org
          • You can make use of the tools for work abroad, long journeys, voluntary work, internships and study abroad

        Already an account?

        • In case you have previously created a WorldSupporter account then, after registering with JoHo, you can change your status on your WorldSupporter account to membership with full online access. Edit your account and see under 'Profile' for the change.
        • Note: Again, you must have used the same email address.

        Become JoHo WorldSupporter member >>

         

        WorldSupporter NL: hoe krijg je volledige online toegang voor samenvattingen en services op JoHo WorldSupporter.org?
        WorldSupporter: register with JoHo WorldSupporter
        WorldSupporter: aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter
        Summaries and Study Assistance - Start
        WorldSupporter: what to do to register as a JoHo member and use WorldSupporter?

        WorldSupporter: what to do to register as a JoHo member and use WorldSupporter?

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        When you support JoHo...

        by joining as a JoHo member

        • By joining JoHo as a member, you support JoHo in all its activities in the areas of international cooperation and talent development
        • You can become a JoHo member by contributing €5.00 per calendar year

        through the purchase of JoHo subscription services

        • You can obtain JoHo subscription services for €10, €15,00 or €20.00 per calendar year for extra services and discounts

        by taking out (travel or health) insurance

        • By applying for a travel or health insurance via JoHo you do not only support JoHo, but also yourself
        • You pay less premium and you are able to use the services and discounts of a JoHo subscription for free 
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        ....then JoHo will support you...

        with choice assistance & advice

        • concerning work, travel, study, inspiration and emigration

        with organization profiles & vacancies

        • for full time jobs, part time jobs, volunteer work, internships, and work experience positions at home or abroad

        with summaries & study support

        • such as printed and online study books, textbooks, professional literature, exams & practice questions, lecture notes, terms and readers

        with discounts on items & gifts

        • concerning travel, study, work, inspiration and emigration

        with discounts on activities & projects

        • such as air travel, holidays, volunteer work, language courses, and travelling 

        with discounts on insurances & advice

        • such as emigration insurances, travel insurances, and health insurances
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        ...and together we support worldsupporters and projects

        • with personal development via worldsupporter.org and online tools
        • with international collaborations via projects in Africa, Asia, and South America
        • with bringing organizations and individuals into contact with each other to make each other stronger, more aware, and to inspire one another
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        How do you receive free subscription services when insured via JoHo?

        • Are you a member and do you take out a yearly continuous insurance via JoHo? Then you are able to use the services and discounts of the JoHo subscription for free
        • How does it work? Become a JoHo member and apply for your travel or health insurance  via JoHo. As a JoHo member you will receive the benefits of the JoHo subscription
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        How to choose and purchase a JoHo subscription services

        Purchasing JoHo subscription services

        • JoHo members can choose to purchase a subscription for choice assistance, advice, discounts, or extra support for JoHo
        • If you want to purchase subscription services, you are able to do so with the same form as the one to become a JoHo member
        • If you already are a JoHo member and want to change to, or add, a subscription, please fill out form for changing your membership

        How does registering, logging in & creating a password work

        • As a new JoHo member you automatically receive an online account at joho.org, which you can activate with a link that you will receive in your mailbox

        Read more at

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        Are you able to become a member without an IBAN/SEPA bank account?

        • If you don't have an IBAN (international bank account number) with SEPA, but you still want to use membership services or support JoHo's projects and initiatives, including Smokey Tours, take a look at the page about International services
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        What are the rules and guidelines?

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        What is your JoHo number?

        • You can find your JoHo number at your My JoHo page as soon as you are logged in at joho.org
        • You need your JoHo number, for example, for obtaining the discounts on insurances, summaries, and at partner organisations
        • Have you lost your JoHo number? Please contact JoHo via the online contact forms or log in at joho.org and you will find your JoHo number at your account page on JoHo.org

         

        Join & Register (via JoHo.org)

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        WorldSupporter: register with JoHo WorldSupporter
        WorldSupporter: aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter
        WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
        WorldSupporter: what to do to cooperate and connect with JoHo WorldSupporter as an organization?

        WorldSupporter: what to do to cooperate and connect with JoHo WorldSupporter as an organization?

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        Cooperating with JoHo: supporting JoHo

        Barterdeals

        • With a lot of organizations JoHo cooperates on a barter deal basis. This is a type of partnership where none of the two organizations pays or charges fees, or where lowest possibile fees are calculated
        • Starting-point within these kind of deals is that organizations work cost neutral and organizations exchange equally: advertorial-advertorial, banner-banner, flyer-flyer, etc

        Sponsoring

        • Organizations can sponsor JoHo initiatives like World Supporter and The World Summary Bank
        • Organizations can sponsor JoHo partner initiatives like Smokey Projects

        Subsidy requests

        • JoHo is a non-profit organization with limited usage of subsidy facilities
        • JoHo is always willing to have a look at joint subsidy requests, as long as there is a focus on talent development and international cooperation

        Link exchange

        • Link exchanges are possible, JoHo has a special link exchange page
        • Most of all links are being exchanged with organizations offering a special value or discount for JoHo members

        Media and JoHo logos

        • Are you thinking about supporting JoHo and promoting JoHo among your clients or visitors?
        • Please use JoHo logos, banners and texts of JoHo's media page

        Interested?

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        Cooperating with JoHo: being supported by JoHo

        Foundations & Social Enterprises

        • If you run a foundation and/or social enterprise, please make use of JoHo's free Barter Membership system
        • Under this system, fees and costs have been reduced considerably to facilitate a lot of smaller (and sometimes bigger) colleague organizations making use of The World of JoHo
        • With a free Barter Membership also organizations with smaller budgets can profit from exposure in JoHo channels and JoHo facilities
        • Channels and facilities are being offered at, or sometimes even under, cost price

        Projects aimed at International Development

        • If you run an international development project or business, please make use of JoHo's Barter Membership system and/or use JoHo's fee World Supporter platform
        • Are you an individual JoHo member? You can support your favorite international aid project through your membership, by transering facilities and services of your membership to this organization

        Media

        • With several media JoHo partners on a barterdeal basis. This is a type of partnership where none of the two organizations pays or charges fees, or where lowest possible fees are calculated
        • Starting-point within these kind of deals is that organizations work cost neutral and organizations exchange equally: advertorial-advertorial, banner-banner, flyer-flyer, etc

        Student organizations

        • Do you run or participate in a student organization? Please make use of JoHo's Barter Membership system to promote your organization in JoHo channels
        • Or contact cooperation@joho.org with your business proposition

        Interested?

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        Cooperating with JoHo: insurances through JoHo

        JoHo & Insurance cooperation

        Comprehensive product range

        • JoHo is one of the few organizations where you can directly purchase a comprehensive range of foreign insurances from a variety of insurers. As with our other products and services, we believe that you should be able to choose between the best, the most cost effective and the most specialized insurance

        Combinations possible

        • JoHo offers various possibilities from combining insurances to assisting in transferring from one insurer to another

        No price difference

        • When you purchase an insurance policy through JoHo, you will not pay anymore than if you had purchased it directly from the insurer. Sometimes (through special collective agreements) you will pay even less

        Extra support

        • JoHo offers support with problems that may arise with the insurer. Sometimes disagreement with claims, cancellation notice or insurance premiums can occur. In this situation it helps if you have the assistance of an organization who has an established relationship with the insurer

        Experience:

        • JoHo Insurances have been working with international health insurance providers since many years

        Options

        Insurances for travellers, intern, volunteering or working holidays abroad

        • If you run an organization and are looking for an opportunity to insure yourself, your colleagues or your clients properly, you can benefit through JoHo from 'expertise', 'discount' or 'fee' advantages

        Insurances for working and living abroad

        • If you run an organization and are looking for an opportunity to insure yourself, your colleagues or your clients properly, you can get free advice and/or make use of JoHo's expatservice

        Interested?

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        Cooperating with JoHo: benefits from JoHo's World Supporter platform

        WorldSupporter

        • The tool for anyone who wants tot share experiences with his or her friends
        • The platform for anyone who wants to inspire other global and involved Supporters and World Supporting organizations

        Using WorldSupporter

        • If you run a project aimed at talent development or international cooperation, please use the WorldSupporter platform to get free attention and exposure
        • If you work for an organization involved in mediation for volunteer projects or internships you can profile your activities on the WorldSupporter platform
        • If you joined an internship or volunteer organization as a client and want to support your organization, you can promote them by starting an Experience magazine, blogging, sharing photos, videos, vacancies, etc. Promote your organization for free, and inspire others!

        Interested?

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        WorldSupporter: what to do to solve and prevent a problem with your account, login, online access or password

        WorldSupporter: what to do to solve and prevent a problem with your account, login, online access or password

        Most common problems and solutions

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          No account on WorldSupporter.org?

          • Your account and login on WorldSupporter.org is separate from your account on JoHo.org due to digital security and the different roles of both websites.
          • With your account on WorldSupporter.org you can also create your own content and put it on the website. With your account on JoHo.org you have insight into your subscriptions, memberships and insurances.
          • Go to the create account page: 'Join WorldSupporter', where you can create an account and profile for WorldSupporter.org.
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          Not able to fill in all required fields by creating an account on WorldSupporter.org?

          To create an account on WorldSupporter you have to fill in following required fields:

          • Username
            • Spaces are allowed; punctuation is not allowed except for periods, hyphens, apostrophes, and underscores.
          • E-mail Address:
            • use an existing e-mail address,
            • for access to content for JoHo members and exclusives you need to use the same e-mail adress as when you registered on JoHo.org
          • First Name:
            • same rules as for your username
          • Last name:
            • same rules as for your username
          • Are you a JoHo WorldSupporter Member?:
            • When you are not a JoHo member, you select: "I am not a JoHo WorldSupporter member yet"
            • When you are a JoHo member (donateur), you select: "I am a JoHo WorldSupporter member without extra services"
            • When you are a JoHo member with extra services (abonnee), you select: "I am a JoHo WorldSupporter member with extra services and online access"
            • When you don not know which membership you have:  go to www.JoHo.org, log in and check on you account page you will see which membership is mentioned (or check the confirmation e-mail, which is sent after you filled in the membership form on joho.org)
          • WorldSupportership!:
            • Fill in at least one activity in the field of helping out another or your surroundings
          • Profile Picture:
            • Upload your profile picture :
              • files must be less than 2 MB.
              • Allowed file types: png, jpg, jpeg.
            • crop your picture (adjust within the margin)
            • save your picture
          • Follow content of your favorite subject or organization on your own profile:
            • Select your favorite subject or organization to follow on your profile by typing the name of the country, topic or organization of your choice
            • Examples include your student organization, your working field or your country of interest.
            • Use only 1 subject or organisation!
          • Privacy:
            • choose who can see your profile and account page
          • Create new account (button):
            • Click to save and go the confirmation e-mail to activate your account with the confirmation link
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          Not able to create your account with an error message?

          • Are you already a JoHo member (donor or subscriber): then use the same e-mail address as when you registered at JoHo.org (you also use that e-mail address for logging into joho.org).
          • Do you get the message that the e-mail address is already in use: then use the 'forgot password' option to regain access to your account.
          • Switch browsers or devices. If it doesn't work in another browser either, try again later or contact JoHo WorldSupporter
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          Not activated your account on WorldSupporter.org?

          • After you create an account on WorldSupporter.org by filling in the form and pushing the 'create account' button, you receive e-mail for the necessary confirmation link
          • By clicking this link or copying and pasting it to your browser you log in once and will lead you to visit a page where you can set your password.
          • After setting your password, you will be able to log in at https://www.worldsupporter.org/user
          • After you logged in for the first time, you can complete your account and profile page
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          Not able to login?

          • Go to the login page to log in, or use the "log in" link at the top right of the menu, visible on every page.
          • Instead of your username, you can also login with your e-mail address.
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          Not able to log in after you receive and use the confirmation link?

          • Go to the login page to log in, or use the "log in" link at the top right of the menu, visible on every page.
          • Choose 'request new password'.
          • You will then receive a link that allows you to log in and be redirected directly to a page where you need to set a new password.
          • If this does not work out you can contact JoHo WorldSupporter
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          Not able to remember, set or use your password?

          • Instead of your username, you can also login with your e-mail address.
          • Forgot your password? Click on the 'Log in' link at the top right of any page and choose 'request new password'.
          • You will then receive a link that allows you to log in and be redirected directly to a page where you need to set a new password..
          • Please enter a new password immediately, the link you receive is only valid for 1 day
          • Please note that your password is case sensitive, so please check that Caps Lock is on or off.
          • If the problems with your password persist, try logging in with another browser (e.g. Firefox or Chrome etc, depending on what you have already tried, ) and/or disable your password manager function if you are using it.
          • In an exceptional case, a maintenance activity may have taken place, try again later or contact WorldSupporter
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          Being able to log in, but still not able to read all exclusive content or summaries?

          • Make sure you are a JoHo member with extra service and online access
            • As a member without extra services (<10 euro yearly) you will not have be able to read exclusive content
            • If you want to upgrade your membership  (10 euro yearly or more) to read exclusive content access  you can: change your membership
            • If you are not a member yet, you can: become a member
          • Make sure you selected the right access on your WorldSupporter account
            • go to your account (profile) page
            • press the "Edit profile' button
            • go to 'Profile'
            • go to the field 'Are you a JoHo WorldSupporter Member?
              • choose the right access : 'JoHo WorldSupporter member with full online access'
            • press the button 'Save' at the end of you page
          • If this does not work out you can contact JoHo WorldSupporter
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          Access to all shared materials, but suddenly no longer?

          • If you suddenly lost access to shared materials that you previously had access to, one of the following situations may apply:
            • The e-mail address of your WorldSupporter account is not the same as that of your member registration.
            • The direct debit for your membership has failed.
            • A supporter has chosen to set the access level of the shared material to 'JoHo WorldSupporter member with full access' and you are not yet a 'JoHo WorldSupporter member with full online access'.
          • To indicate that you wish to register a second email address with your JoHo membership, please log in to joho.org and fill in the form for adjustments on JoHo.org
          • If a direct debit has failed, you will be contacted by JoHo WorldSupporter, please check your spam folder to see if you have missed a message.
          • Make sure you are a JoHo member with extra service and online access and that you selected the right access on your WorldSupporter account
          • If you continue to experience problems, please contact WorldSupporter, stating the specific pages you want to use and, if possible, the error message you receive.
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          No access the private or public content?

          • Private content is visible for you (the author) in the 'My Collection' section of your personal user page only and is great for drafts or notes to yourself
            • If you have trouble accessing your private content, you can check whether you are logged in at the top right of JoHo WorldSupporter. If you are not yet logged in, you can try to log in and visit your private content again
            • If you have trouble accessing your private content once you are logged in, you can contact JoHo WorldSupporter via the contact form with a description of the page you want to visit
          • Public content is visible for all visitors of WorldSupporter
            • If you have trouble accessing public content, you can check your internet connection. If your internet connection is down, you can try to visit the page later, with a better internet connection.
            • If you have trouble accessing public content with a working internet connection, you can check the access level of the page you try to visit. Authors can change the access level of their content
            • If you keep experiencing problems with accessing the public content, please contact JoHo WorldSupporter via the contact form with a description of the page you want to visit
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          WorldSupporter: aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: toolkit for adding and using content on WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about summaries on WorldSupporter.org

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about summaries on WorldSupporter.org

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about adding content and reactions

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about adding content and reactions

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about your WorldSupporter account

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about your WorldSupporter account

          WorldSupporter FAQ about creating and managing a WorldSupporter account and profile page

          Access: 
          Public
          WorldSupporter FAQ: all questions and answers

          WorldSupporter FAQ: all questions and answers

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          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about summaries on WorldSupporter.org

          WorldSupporter FAQ: questions and answers about summaries on WorldSupporter.org

          How to join JoHo WorldSupporter, and how to use summaries and study notes on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

          WorldSupporter: what to do to get full online access for summaries and services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

          WorldSupporter: what to do to get full online access for summaries and services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

          Image

          How can you use JoHo WorldSupporter?

          1. You can create a free account and follow your favorite subject or supporters (without extra services or online access to exclusives)
          2. You can join as WorldSupporter member to get access to basic services (without extra services or online access to exclusives)
          3. You can join as WorldSupporter member with extra services and online access to extra services and online access to exclusives: see also below

          How do you get full online access to all summaries and exclusives on JoHo WorldSupporter.org?

          • Procedure:

            • 1 - Go to JoHo.org/en/joinjoho, and join JoHo WorldSupporter by choosing a membership with online access
            • 2 - Return to WorldSupporter.org and create an account with the same email address
            • 3 - State your JoHo WorldSupporter Membership during the creation of your account
            • 4 - Choose your favorite study, student organization or topic during the creation of your account

          • Start using the services:

            • You have online access to all free + all exclusive summaries and study notes on WorldSupporter.org and JoHo.org
            • You can use all services on JoHo WorldSupporter.org
            • You can make use of the tools for work abroad, long journeys, voluntary work, internships and study abroad

          Already an account?

          • In case you have previously created a WorldSupporter account then, after registering with JoHo, you can change your status on your WorldSupporter account to membership with full online access. Edit your account and see under 'Profile' for the change.
          • Note: Again, you must have used the same email address.

          Become JoHo WorldSupporter member >>

           

          WorldSupporter NL: hoe krijg je volledige online toegang voor samenvattingen en services op JoHo WorldSupporter.org?
          WorldSupporter: register with JoHo WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter
          Summaries and Study Assistance - Start
          WorldSupporter: what to do to register as a JoHo member and use WorldSupporter?

          WorldSupporter: what to do to register as a JoHo member and use WorldSupporter?

          Back to top

          When you support JoHo...

          by joining as a JoHo member

          • By joining JoHo as a member, you support JoHo in all its activities in the areas of international cooperation and talent development
          • You can become a JoHo member by contributing €5.00 per calendar year

          through the purchase of JoHo subscription services

          • You can obtain JoHo subscription services for €10, €15,00 or €20.00 per calendar year for extra services and discounts

          by taking out (travel or health) insurance

          • By applying for a travel or health insurance via JoHo you do not only support JoHo, but also yourself
          • You pay less premium and you are able to use the services and discounts of a JoHo subscription for free 
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          ....then JoHo will support you...

          with choice assistance & advice

          • concerning work, travel, study, inspiration and emigration

          with organization profiles & vacancies

          • for full time jobs, part time jobs, volunteer work, internships, and work experience positions at home or abroad

          with summaries & study support

          • such as printed and online study books, textbooks, professional literature, exams & practice questions, lecture notes, terms and readers

          with discounts on items & gifts

          • concerning travel, study, work, inspiration and emigration

          with discounts on activities & projects

          • such as air travel, holidays, volunteer work, language courses, and travelling 

          with discounts on insurances & advice

          • such as emigration insurances, travel insurances, and health insurances
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          ...and together we support worldsupporters and projects

          • with personal development via worldsupporter.org and online tools
          • with international collaborations via projects in Africa, Asia, and South America
          • with bringing organizations and individuals into contact with each other to make each other stronger, more aware, and to inspire one another
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          How do you receive free subscription services when insured via JoHo?

          • Are you a member and do you take out a yearly continuous insurance via JoHo? Then you are able to use the services and discounts of the JoHo subscription for free
          • How does it work? Become a JoHo member and apply for your travel or health insurance  via JoHo. As a JoHo member you will receive the benefits of the JoHo subscription
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          How to choose and purchase a JoHo subscription services

          Purchasing JoHo subscription services

          • JoHo members can choose to purchase a subscription for choice assistance, advice, discounts, or extra support for JoHo
          • If you want to purchase subscription services, you are able to do so with the same form as the one to become a JoHo member
          • If you already are a JoHo member and want to change to, or add, a subscription, please fill out form for changing your membership

          How does registering, logging in & creating a password work

          • As a new JoHo member you automatically receive an online account at joho.org, which you can activate with a link that you will receive in your mailbox

          Read more at

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          Are you able to become a member without an IBAN/SEPA bank account?

          • If you don't have an IBAN (international bank account number) with SEPA, but you still want to use membership services or support JoHo's projects and initiatives, including Smokey Tours, take a look at the page about International services
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          What are the rules and guidelines?

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          What is your JoHo number?

          • You can find your JoHo number at your My JoHo page as soon as you are logged in at joho.org
          • You need your JoHo number, for example, for obtaining the discounts on insurances, summaries, and at partner organisations
          • Have you lost your JoHo number? Please contact JoHo via the online contact forms or log in at joho.org and you will find your JoHo number at your account page on JoHo.org

           

          Join & Register (via JoHo.org)

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          WorldSupporter: register with JoHo WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
          WorldSupporter: what are WorldSupporter Summaries and how to create or use them?

          WorldSupporter: what are WorldSupporter Summaries and how to create or use them?

          What types of summaries and study assistance does WorldSupporter offer?

          Summaries and study materials can be found in 6 different forms:

          • Book summaries: give you insight into the main and side issues of the most essential and current literature in your field
          • BulletPoint Summaries: ultra-short summaries displayed in bullets
          • Article summaries: summaries of scientific articles that you will use during and after your studies
          • ExamTickets: consist of short bullets with subject-oriented exam tips and sample questions, so that you know what you have to learn and how you should study
          • ExamTests: consist of bundles of exam and practice questions that provide extra understanding, test your knowledge and give insight into the way in which an exam will be taken
          • Study Notes & Sheets:  summaries of lectures, working groups that give you more insight into what is considered important by teachers.

          Why add a Summary or Study Note?

          • This content type allows you to explain a certain subject. This can be based on your own texts or on summarized versions of study material
          • Many Supporters use this content type for university course material, but feel free to use it as a broad tool for knowledge transfer
          • Always make sure that you do not violate copyright if you use material from others and make good use of source listings

          How to add a Summary or Study Note?

          • tip 1: by adding category tags your content will be easier to find by people with similar interests that not yet follow your account
          • tip 2: bring several summaries together and create easier navigation for yourself and your followers
          • tip 3: add an image in the 'image' field, because it will be used to highlight your contribution on your profile and other spotlight locations on WorldSupporter. Without an image your avatar will be used for these purposes.

          Where to find or read more about Summaries or Study Notes

          Where to add Summaries or Study Notes?

           

          Summaries and Study Assistance - Start
          WorldSupporter: toolkit for adding and using content on WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
          WorldSupporter: how to use and find summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter?

          WorldSupporter: how to use and find summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter?

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          Online access to all summaries, study notes en practice exams

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          How and why use WorldSupporter.org for your summaries and study assistance?

          • For free use of many of the summaries and study aids provided or collected by your fellow students.
          • For free use of many of the lecture and study group notes, exam questions and practice questions.
          • For use of all exclusive summaries and study assistance for those who are member with JoHo WorldSupporter with online access
          • For compiling your own materials and contributions with relevant study help
          • For sharing and finding relevant and interesting summaries, documents, notes, blogs, tips, videos, discussions, activities, recipes, side jobs and more.
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          Using and finding summaries, notes and practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter

          There are several ways to navigate the large amount of summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter.

          1. Use the summaries home pages for your study or field of study
          2. Use the check and search pages for summaries and study aids by field of study, subject or faculty
          3. Use and follow your (study) organization
            • by using your own student organization as a starting point, and continuing to follow it, easily discover which study materials are relevant to you
            • this option is only available through partner organizations
          4. Check or follow authors or other WorldSupporters
          5. Use the menu above each page to go to the main theme pages for summaries
            • Theme pages can be found for international studies as well as Dutch studies

          Do you want to share your summaries with JoHo WorldSupporter and its visitors?

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          Quicklinks to fields of study for summaries and study assistance

          Main summaries home pages:

          Main study fields:

          Main study fields NL:

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          WorldSupporter: what are the features, functionalities and rules on WorldSupporter.org?
          WorldSupporter NL: hoe vind je samenvattingen en studiehulp op WorldSupporter.org en JoHo.org
          Summaries and Study Assistance - Start
          WorldSupporter: what is JoHo WorldSupporter, how to join and how to contribute?

          WorldSupporter: what is JoHo WorldSupporter, how to join and how to contribute?

          What is 'WorldSupporter'?

          • JoHo WorldSupporter is the online platform where individuals and organizations inspire and help each other on a local and global level
          • You can share and find everything you need to help another, travel responsibly, study well, develop yourself and work for an organization that creates a better world
          • You can gain knowledge, share experiences, answer questions, post comments and publish your own WorldSupporter resume
          • You can share your summaries, photos, blogs, journals, events, sustainable recipes and tips with others
          • You can create and share study materials with WorldSupporters from countries that lack access to educational resources,
          • You can share learning materials that can be used by volunteers helping out in schools around the world.
          • You can work with WorldSupporters from over 150 countries to help make the world around you a better and more tolerant place.

          What is a 'WorldSupporter account and Profile'?

          • A WorldSupporter account can be created in minutes and is linked to your Personal WorldSupporter profile.
          • Your WorldSupporter profile:
            • acts as your own platform for all the content you create or collect on WorldSupporter,
            • shows all content recently created by the organizations, groups and individuals you personally follow,
            • shows what you contribute to the world around you.

          What do you need to do to join, register and get started?

          • to use WorldSupporter for free, you can create an acoount and follow your favorite subject or supporters
          • to support and use WorldSupporter: go to www JoHo.org, and join as a JoHo WorldSupporter member.
          • to use all summaries: go to go to www JoHo.org and join JoHo WorldSupporter Member with full online access to all summaries and content
          • for a profile on WorldSupporter: go to the login page page or use the 'sign in' link in the menu
          • for login: go to the login page to log in or use the 'sign in' link in the menu, visible on every page

          Join JoHo WorldSupporter >>

           

          WorldSupporter: About & FAQ
          WorldSupporter: toolkit for adding and using content on WorldSupporter
          WorldSupporter FAQ: how to WorldSupporter, join and sign up?
          WorldSupporter FAQ: all questions and answers

          WorldSupporter FAQ: all questions and answers

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          Themes: main theme pages for activities abroad (intern, study, travel, volunteer, work or emigrate)

          Themes: main theme pages for activities abroad (intern, study, travel, volunteer, work or emigrate)

          WorldSupporter Theme pages for activities abroad

          Intern, study, travel, volunteer, work or emigrate

          Best travel time for weather, climate and activities abroad, and the worst time to go!
          Backpacking and travel your way around the world - Theme
          Emigration and moving abroad - Theme
          Gap Year, Time out and Sabbatical - Theme
          Internship Abroad - Theme
          Learning languages and language courses abroad - Theme
          Remote working abroad and digital nomads - Theme
          Study Abroad - Theme
          TEFL: Teaching English as a Foreign Language and learning English - Theme
          Travel insurances and insurances for long term abroad - Theme
          Travel gear and packing lists for going abroad - Worldsupporter Theme
          Volunteer abroad - Theme
          Work abroad and working holidays - Theme
          Themes: main theme pages

          Themes: main theme pages

          • 1716 keer gelezen
          Crossroads:

          Internationale organisaties, non-profit werk en sociale ondernemingen: JoHo.org

           

          Human rights and fundamental rights - Theme
          Tolerance and understanding another person and culture - Theme
          Travel insurances and insurances for long term abroad - Theme
          Crossroads: this content is used in bundle

          Themes: main theme pages for summaries and study assistance

          Theme pages for summaries and study assistance

          Summaries and Study Assistance - Start
          Anthropology and ethnology - Theme
          Business and Economics - Theme
          International relations and international organizations - Theme
          IT and technology - Theme
          Law and public administration - Theme
          Communication, marketing, pr and sales - Theme
          Medicine and healthcare - Theme
          Pedagogy and education - Theme
          Psychology and behavorial sciences - Theme
          Statistics: summaries and study assistance - Theme
          Society and culture - Theme
          Theme pages: for getting study results and preparing for exams
          Thema's: voor samenvattingen en studiehulp
          Themes: main theme pages

          International relations and international organizations: home bundle

          Main content and contributions for international organizations, relations and studies

          International relations and international organizations - Theme
          Summaries: home page for international relations and international organizations
          Summaries: the best textbooks for international communication and intercultural communication summarized
          Summaries: the best textbooks for international economics summarized
          Summaries: the best textbooks for international law summarized
          Summaries: the best textbooks for international organisations summarized
          Summaries: the best textbooks for international relations summarized
          Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international relations, organizations and politics
          Summaries: the best definitions, descriptions and lists of terms for international business & strategy
          What is international organization as study or working field?
          International Law: summaries of legendary standard works, literature and manuals
          Legal work abroad: why should you do legal work abroad and what do you gain?
          Working for an international organisation abroad: what is it, why would you do it and where should you go?
          Themes: home bundles per study and working fields
          Crossroads: activities, countries, competences, study fields and goals
          Crossroads: related content in the field of
          Statistics
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