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What are surveys and what can they do?All surveys are highly structured, meaning they ask respondents prewritten, closed-ended questions with fixed response questionsPrimary data collection: when social scientists design and carry out own ata collectionSecondary data source: a resource collected by someone elseKey informant: a person who is usually quite central or popular in the research setting and who shares his or her knowledge with the researcher or a person with professional or special knowledge about the social settingSelf-administerd questionnaire (SAQ): a survey completed directly by respondetns thourgh the mail or onlineMode of administraion: the way the survey is administered, such as face to face, by phone or mail, or onineClosed-ended question: a focused interview question to which subjects can respond only in preset waysOpen-ended question: a broad interview question to which subjects are allowed to respond in their own words rather than in preset waysCross-sectional surveys collect date at a single point in time, whereas longitudinal surveys collect data at multiple points in timeCross-sectional survey: a survey in which data are collected at only one time pointLongitudinal survey: a survey in which data are collected at multiple time pointsRepeated cross-sectional survey: a type of longitudinal survey in wich data are collected at multiple time points but from different subjects at each time pointPanel survey: a type of longitudinal survey in which data are collected from the same subjects at multiple time pointsAttrition: the loss of sample members over time, usually to death or dropoutAdvantages of surveys include their ability to collect a wide breadth of information from large groups of people and to asses changes in populations over time, as well as their high level of external validity.Poll: a very brief...
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