Summary | Summary of Chapter 16 of the The Individual Book (de Bruin, E., 1st Edition)

What is cultural personality psychology?

Cultural variations: within-group similarity in their behaviour and thought, accompanied by profound intergroup differences

Cultural personality psychology:

Principles underlying the cultural diversity
Discover how human psychology shapes culture
How cultural understandings, in turn, shape our psychology

Approaches to culture

MAJOR APPROACHES TO EXPLAINING AND EXPLORING PERSONALITY ACROSS CULTURE

Evoked culture: cultural differences created by differing environmental conditions activating a predicable set of responses. Two ingredients necessary to explain cultural variation

First ingredient: universal underlying mechanism
Second ingredient: environment differences in the degree to which the underlying mechanism is activated

Transmitted culture: ideas/values/attitudes/beliefs that exist in person’s mind that are transmitted to other people’s minds through their interaction with the original person

Cultural universals: not all behaviours can be classified as either evoked culture or transmitted culture

Markus and Kitayama (1991) ‘cultural tasks’:

Interdependence: involves how you are affiliated with, attached to or engaged in the larger group of which you are a member --> concerned with relational harmony
Independence: involves how you differentiate yourself from the larger group --> concerned with personal control

Acculturation: contact between two cultural groups that leads to change in both groups but the change is often more prominent in the non-dominant group

Personality shaped by emotional tendencies through cognitive, behavioural and social processes --> different cultures experience different emotions/have different words to describe emotional experience

Honesty-humility factor: cross-cultural research discovered a six-factor personality factor

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What is cultural personality psychology?

Approaches to culture

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