Bundle of Summaries of Lectures that discuss the The Individual Book (de Bruin, E., 1st Edition)
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This summary includes the Cognitive-behavioral approach lecture, which took place at the University of Twente on 02-05-2023. The lecture covered Chapters 2 and 4 of The Individual Book (de Bruin, E., 1st Edition)
[editorial note: some images have been removed for technical and/or copyright reasons]
Cognitive-behavioural approach:
Behaviour therapy:
- Founding fathers: Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, Burrhus Skinner
How do people learn?
Classical conditioning:
- Pavlov:
- Watson: “little Albert” fear conditioned
Operant conditioning:
- Skinner Box:
Model learning:
- Modelling or observational learning
Cognitive therapy:`
“relies heavily on the ability for metacognition”
- Aaron Beck (1976): Attention to ‘internal dialogue’
- Cognitive distortion:
- Over-generalization --> once means always
- Dichotomous thinking --> complete success or failure, people are good or bad
- Personalisation: circumstances due to own actions
- Cognitive distortion:
- Albert Ellis (1962):
- ‘Crooked thinking’ --> irrational beliefs: shoulds and musts
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT):
Behavioural and cognitive therapies combined
- Principles:
- Cognitive activity affects behaviour
- Cognitive activity may be monitored and altered
- Desired behaviour change may be affected through cognitive change
- Scientist practitioner model CBT; measurement, assessment and experimentation – in a very broad field of therapy
Methodological pluralism:
- Therapy/its effects --> complex and requires different methods
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