Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Book summary
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Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 10
The incentive sensitization theory states that drugs stimulate the dopamine system (reward system), which produces rewards in the form of pleasurable feelings. This leads to the dopamine system becoming sensitive to the drug, resulting in incentive salience. Cue sensitivity leads to wanting of the drug and a dissociation between wanting and liking the drug develops.
The general development process of a substance use disorder (SUD) follows the following pattern: a positive attitude towards the drug (1), experimentation with the drug (2), regular use of the drug (3), heavy use of the drug (4), dependence or abuse of the drug (5). After this, there is either maintenance of the disorder (6) or recovery with the chance of relapse (7).
Tolerance is indicated by larger doses of the substances being needed to produce the desired effects. Withdrawal refers to the negative physical and psychological effects that develop when a person stops taking the substance or reduces the amount of substance being taken. People with a substance use disorder value immediate rewards more than delayed rewards. It recruits different brain regions and it can be hypothesised that both brain regions compete with each other when trying to make a decision.
Drug | Effects |
Marijuana | Feeling relaxed and sociable, large shifts in emotion, dull attention, fragmented thoughts, impaired thought processes, the sense that time moves more slowly, bloodshot, itchy eyes, dry mouth, increased appetite, raised blood pressure |
Opiates | Euphoria, drowsiness, lack of coordination, increase in self-confidence, lack of worries and fear, relieve pain and induce sleep |
Stimulants | Increase alertness and motor activity, heightens wakefulness, inhibits intestinal functions, quickening of heart rate, increase in self-confidence, euphoria |
Hallucinogen | Alter a sense of time, hallucinations and anxiety |
Ecstasy | Enhances intimacy, improve interpersonal relationships, elevate mood, increases self-confidence, promotes aesthetic awareness, jaw clenching, nausea, faintness, anxiety, depression, depersonalization, confusion, muscle tension, chills. |
PCP | Paranoia, violence, coma, death |
Nitrous oxide | State of euphoria, insights, light-headedness |
Stimulants act on the brain and the sympathetic nervous system. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine in mesolimbic areas. Hallucinogens have no withdrawal symptoms, but tolerance develops quickly.
The gateway theory states that marijuana is a gateway drug. It often precedes other drug use, but does not cause it.
There is a heritable component in substance use disorder. Mood alteration (1), expectancies about drugs and alcohol (2) and personality factors (3) play a role in the development and maintenance of substance use disorder. Neuroticism and low constraint are personality factors that play a role in substance use disorder.
There are cultural differences in the prevalence of substance use disorder. This is due to cultural rituals (1), the popularity of the substance (2), the definition of problematic functioning (3), genetic differences (4), social networks (5) and family networks (6).
There is tension reduction in alcohol because of alcohol myopia. Alcohol reduces cognitive capacity, leading to a focus on immediate distractions, resulting in less tension. If there are no immediate distractions, then it leads to increased tension. The ability to reduce tension may be due to the stimulation of GABA receptors. Delirium tremens refers to becoming delirious, tremulous and having hallucination due to alcohol levels suddenly dropping. Motivation is necessary for treatment.
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Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Book summary
Clinical Psychology – Interim exam 2 [UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM]
Clinical Psychology – Interim exam 2 [UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM]
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Clinical Psychology – Interim exam 2 [UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM]
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 4
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 9
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 10
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 11
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 12
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 13
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 14
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 15
- Clinical Psychology – Disorder & Treatment list 2
Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Book summary
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 1
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 2
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 3
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 4
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 5
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 6
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 7
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 8
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 9
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 10
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 11
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 12
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 13
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 14
- Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Chapter 15
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Clinical Psychology – Interim exam 2 [UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM]
This bundle contains everything you need to know for the second interim exam of Clinical Psychology for the University of Amsterdam. It uses the book "Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S
...Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition) – Book summary
This bundle describes a summary of the book "Abnormal Psychology, the science and treatment of psychological disorders by A. M. Kring, S. L. Johnson, G. C. Davison and J. M. Neale (thirteenth edition)". The following chapters are used:
- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
...
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