Join with a free account for more service, or become a member for full access to exclusives and extra support of WorldSupporter >>
Introduction
With so many different methods nowadays in psychology, it is not possible to be acquainted with all of psychology today. But when we look at the simpler times of psychology, we have two historic streams of method, which are widely used since the last century of our science: experimental psychology and correlational psychology. With both of these focussing on different things, the convergence of these two streams is still in the making.
The separation of the disciplines
Experimental psychology is when the scientist makes changes to the conditions to observe their consequences, and is the more coherent of the two disciplines. Correlational psychology also qualifies as a discipline because it asks a distinctive type of question and has technical methods to examine the question and the data. The correlator focuses more on the already existing variation between individuals, social groups, and species. Instead of the variation he himself creates, as the experimental psychologist does. With the experimental method it is a virtue that the variables are controlled, so it permits rigorous tests. While the correlator observes and organizes the data that nature has created.
Characterization of the disciplines
Experimental psychology
In the beginning, experimental psychology was a replacement for naturalistic observation. With standardization of tasks and conditions they could get reproducible descriptions. Later the focus shifted to the single manipulated variable, and after that to multivariate manipulation. Another great development has been its concern with formal theory. But a problem that we do have in these experiments is due to individual variation. Because of this variation we get 'error variance'. We can reduce this error variance by selecting certain properties.
Correlational psychology
On the other hand, the correlational psychologist sees individual and group variation as important effects of biological and social causes. He wants to see what characteristics determine its mode and degree of adaptation, and his goal is to predict variation within a treatment.
The shape of a united discipline
It is not sufficient for each discipline to borrow from the other. A united discipline will study both experimental psychology and correlational psychology, but will also concern itself with the interactions between organismic and treatment variables. We should invent constructs and form a network laws which permits prediction. Investigators can use different methods, but still test the same theoretical propositions.
There already have been methodologies proposed for a joint discipline, one of the many choices is analytic procedures. Eventually, these two disciplines will become one, with a common theory, a common, method, and common recommendations for social betterment. A whole new dimension will be discovered and we will come to realize that organism and treatment are inseparable.
Summaries of articles with Scientific and Statisitical Reasoning at the University of Amsterdam 20/21
Summaries of articles with Scientific and Statisitical Reasoning at the University of Amsterdam 20/21
Article summaries of Scientific & Statistical Reasoning - UvA
Summaries with the mandatory articles for Scientific & Statistical Reasoning at the University of Amsterdam, 2020-2021
- 1 of 2142
- volgende ›
JoHo can really use your help! Check out the various student jobs here that match your studies, improve your competencies, strengthen your CV and contribute to a more tolerant world
Online access to all summaries, study notes en practice exams
- Check out: Register with JoHo WorldSupporter: starting page (EN)
- Check out: Aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter - startpagina (NL)
How and why would you use WorldSupporter.org for your summaries and study assistance?
- For free use of many of the summaries and study aids provided or collected by your fellow students.
- For free use of many of the lecture and study group notes, exam questions and practice questions.
- For use of all exclusive summaries and study assistance for those who are member with JoHo WorldSupporter with online access
- For compiling your own materials and contributions with relevant study help
- For sharing and finding relevant and interesting summaries, documents, notes, blogs, tips, videos, discussions, activities, recipes, side jobs and more.
Using and finding summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter
There are several ways to navigate the large amount of summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter.
- Use the menu above every page to go to one of the main starting pages
- Starting pages: for some fields of study and some university curricula editors have created (start) magazines where customised selections of summaries are put together to smoothen navigation. When you have found a magazine of your likings, add that page to your favorites so you can easily go to that starting point directly from your profile during future visits. Below you will find some start magazines per field of study
- Use the topics and taxonomy terms
- The topics and taxonomy of the study and working fields gives you insight in the amount of summaries that are tagged by authors on specific subjects. This type of navigation can help find summaries that you could have missed when just using the search tools. Tags are organised per field of study and per study institution. Note: not all content is tagged thoroughly, so when this approach doesn't give the results you were looking for, please check the search tool as back up
- Check or follow your (study) organizations:
- by checking or using your study organizations you are likely to discover all relevant study materials.
- this option is only available trough partner organizations
- Check or follow authors or other WorldSupporters
- by following individual users, authors you are likely to discover more relevant study materials.
- Use the Search tools
- 'Quick & Easy'- not very elegant but the fastest way to find a specific summary of a book or study assistance with a specific course or subject.
- The search tool is also available at the bottom of most pages
Do you want to share your summaries with JoHo WorldSupporter and its visitors?
- Check out: Why and how to add a WorldSupporter contributions
- JoHo members: JoHo WorldSupporter members can share content directly and have access to all content: Join JoHo and become a JoHo member
- Non-members: When you are not a member you do not have full access, but if you want to share your own content with others you can fill out the contact form
Quicklinks to fields of study for summaries and study assistance
Field of study
- All studies for summaries, study assistance and working fields
- Communication & Media sciences
- Corporate & Organizational Sciences
- Cultural Studies & Humanities
- Economy & Economical sciences
- Education & Pedagogic Sciences
- Health & Medical Sciences
- IT & Exact sciences
- Law & Justice
- Nature & Environmental Sciences
- Psychology & Behavioral Sciences
- Public Administration & Social Sciences
- Science & Research
- Technical Sciences
Add new contribution