Clinical Perspective on Today’s Issues – Interim exam 1 (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)
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Gender dysphoria involves a conflict between a person’s assigned gender and the gender with which one identifies. The diagnosis for adolescents and adults requires two of the following for at least 6 months:
The diagnosis for children requires six of the following for at least 6 months:
Cross-gender behaviours may start between the ages of 2 and 4 though gender-atypical behaviour is common in young children. Children who meet the diagnostic criteria might not persist into adolescence and adulthood. The children with more intense symptoms and distress were more persistent. Furthermore, gender dysphoria at the beginning of puberty is predictive of persistence.
There are several gender-affirming treatments:
There are transgender adults who only want support and counselling rather than altering their body. Social transition refers to the process in which trans people live openly in a way that matches their gender identity rather than their natal gender. Social transition requires social support and social support leads to better psychological outcomes. In trans people, there is brain differentiation in the direction of the gender identity.
Gender dysphoria is associated with high levels of stigmatization (1), discrimination (2) and victimization (3). This contributes to a negative self-image and increased rates and other mental disorders. Preoccupation with cross-gender issues can interfere with daily activities and cause problems in functioning.
Genderqueer refers to people who blur the lines around gender identity and sexual orientation. There often is a fluid gender identity and sexuality. Gender expansiveness refers to a wider, more flexible range of gender identity than typically associated with the gender binary.
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