![Image](https://www.worldsupporter.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/tips_suggestions/wereldbol_summaries_joho_single_boek_1_150x190px.png?itok=rEljlfYL)
What is central to this article?
Because research has shown that cultural groups differ in how they experience ostracism, the writer wants to elaborate on the role of social interdependence in moderating responses to ostracism. The aim of the writers with this article is to present a more nuanced picture of ostracism.
Why is ostracism so intense for people?
Because people attach a great deal of value to being connected, ostracism (being excluded or ignored) can have major consequences. Even when there is only a short period of ostracism, psychological consequences can be observed. This leads to a reduction in self-esteem, as well as a reduced sense of meaningful existence.
- What is central to this article?
- Why is ostracism so intense for people?
- What is central to this article?
- What are the important terms in this article?
- Why is ostracism so intense for people?
- One of the most crucial differences between individualistic and collectivist cultures is the extent to which they allow social interdependence. They can shape the direction of cultural differences in ostracism responses. The authors put forward two competing hypotheses for this. Which two?
- Members of collectivist cultures and people who strongly subscribe to social dependence are less susceptible to the negative consequences of ostracism. What explanations do the authors give for this?
- According to the writers, what should future studies focus on?
- Which theoretically guided areas should be further investigated according to the writers?
What to say about the relationship between culture, social interdependence and ostracism?
What is central to this article?
Because research has shown that cultural groups differ in how they experience ostracism, the writer wants to elaborate on the role of social interdependence in moderating responses to ostracism. The aim of the writers with this article is to present a more nuanced picture of ostracism.
What are the important terms in this article?
This article focuses on culture, social dependence and ostracism.
Why is ostracism so intense for people?
Because people attach a great deal of value to being connected, ostracism (being excluded or ignored) can have major consequences. Even when there is only a short period of ostracism, psychological consequences can be observed. This leads to a reduction in self-esteem, as well as a reduced sense of meaningful existence.
One of the most crucial differences between individualistic and collectivist cultures is the extent to which they allow social interdependence. They can shape the direction of cultural differences in ostracism responses. The authors put forward two competing hypotheses for this. Which two?
The hypotheses are:
1. a high level of social interdependence is more negatively influenced when they experience ostracism, because social bonds are important to them;
2. Individuals within highly interdependent communities are less affected by ostracism. This is due to the nature of their social ties. This second hypothesis is supported by a surprising number of studies.
Members of collectivist cultures and people who strongly subscribe to social dependence are less susceptible to the negative consequences of ostracism. What explanations do the authors give for this?
The writers give three possible explanations for this, namely:
1. previous findings have shown that individuals tend to activate the social self by looking for current social interaction or by thinking of family members or friends;
2. Ostracism is not experienced as particularly threatening when an individual experiences a strong sense of social interdependence;
3. the cultural norm can determine the extent to which ostracism is perceived as threatening and evokes negative reactions.
According to the writers, what should future studies focus on?
What is still not clear is the nature of the relationship between culture and responses to ostracism. This relationship seems to depend on how ostracism has been operationalized and studied. According to the writers, the most important next step is to identify the most important moderating variables that determine the conditions under which the competitive pattern of findings is likely to occur.
Which theoretically guided areas should be further investigated according to the writers?
The writers name three, namely:
1. Investigations must be more comprehensive and elaborated on more extensive situations and not just on individual ostracism events;
2. Investigations should focus on how ostracism is experienced when it comes from close others towards strangers;
3. Investigations should focus on the differences of exclusion at interpersonal level and at group level.
Article summaries on Interpersonal Relations
Summaries on interpersonal relations in a psychological context. This set of articles is based on the 2020-2021 course 'Interpersonal Relations' at Groningen university.
Topics that will be discussed: relationship psychology, behavioral psychology, psychology of attraction, mental illness, mental disorders, communication psychology.
- 1 of 2158
- next ›
JoHo can really use your help! Check out the various student jobs here that match your studies, improve your competencies, strengthen your CV and contribute to a more tolerant world
Online access to all summaries, study notes en practice exams
- Check out: Register with JoHo WorldSupporter: starting page (EN)
- Check out: Aanmelden bij JoHo WorldSupporter - startpagina (NL)
How and why would you use WorldSupporter.org for your summaries and study assistance?
- For free use of many of the summaries and study aids provided or collected by your fellow students.
- For free use of many of the lecture and study group notes, exam questions and practice questions.
- For use of all exclusive summaries and study assistance for those who are member with JoHo WorldSupporter with online access
- For compiling your own materials and contributions with relevant study help
- For sharing and finding relevant and interesting summaries, documents, notes, blogs, tips, videos, discussions, activities, recipes, side jobs and more.
Using and finding summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter
There are several ways to navigate the large amount of summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter.
- Use the menu above every page to go to one of the main starting pages
- Starting pages: for some fields of study and some university curricula editors have created (start) magazines where customised selections of summaries are put together to smoothen navigation. When you have found a magazine of your likings, add that page to your favorites so you can easily go to that starting point directly from your profile during future visits. Below you will find some start magazines per field of study
- Use the topics and taxonomy terms
- The topics and taxonomy of the study and working fields gives you insight in the amount of summaries that are tagged by authors on specific subjects. This type of navigation can help find summaries that you could have missed when just using the search tools. Tags are organised per field of study and per study institution. Note: not all content is tagged thoroughly, so when this approach doesn't give the results you were looking for, please check the search tool as back up
- Check or follow your (study) organizations:
- by checking or using your study organizations you are likely to discover all relevant study materials.
- this option is only available trough partner organizations
- Check or follow authors or other WorldSupporters
- by following individual users, authors you are likely to discover more relevant study materials.
- Use the Search tools
- 'Quick & Easy'- not very elegant but the fastest way to find a specific summary of a book or study assistance with a specific course or subject.
- The search tool is also available at the bottom of most pages
Do you want to share your summaries with JoHo WorldSupporter and its visitors?
- Check out: Why and how to add a WorldSupporter contributions
- JoHo members: JoHo WorldSupporter members can share content directly and have access to all content: Join JoHo and become a JoHo member
- Non-members: When you are not a member you do not have full access, but if you want to share your own content with others you can fill out the contact form
Quicklinks to fields of study for summaries and study assistance
Field of study
- All studies for summaries, study assistance and working fields
- Communication & Media sciences
- Corporate & Organizational Sciences
- Cultural Studies & Humanities
- Economy & Economical sciences
- Education & Pedagogic Sciences
- Health & Medical Sciences
- IT & Exact sciences
- Law & Justice
- Nature & Environmental Sciences
- Psychology & Behavioral Sciences
- Public Administration & Social Sciences
- Science & Research
- Technical Sciences
Add new contribution