Aantekeningen hoorcollege 6 - Werken aan Normatieve professionaliteit - Universiteit Utrecht (2022-2023)

H C   6   -   2 9   M A A R T   2 0 2 3

Wetenschapsfilosofie en responsie

Standaardbeeld van wetenschap

  • Wetenschap als producent van de waarheid » wetenschap zorgt voor opbouw van ‘ware’ kennis. Onze kennis wordt steeds verfijnder omdat we dus steeds meer weten
  • Wetenschap als mening

“Science is not the truth, science is finding the truth. When science changes it’s opinion, it didn’t lie to you, it learned more.”

Wetenschap: evolutie of revolutie

  • Wetenschapsfilosofie: hoe ontwikkelt wetenschappelijke kennis zich?
  • Is wetenschap een afspiegeling van de werkelijkheid (Popper) of van een construct (Kuhn)?
    • Wetenschappelijke evolutie/vooruitgang (Popper): er zijn steeds meer theorieën die afgeschreven kunnen worden (falsificatie) door nieuwe kennis
    • Er is geen toetssteen op basis waarvan we kunnen zeggen dat iets wel of niet klopt (Kuhn) » kennis bouwt op op basis van bepaalde vooronderstellingen, wanneer die niet blijken te kloppen zal de kennis opnieuw opgebouwd moeten worden (wetenschappelijke revolutie) » ‘gestalt-switch’: paradigma wisseling (gedeelde vooronderstellingen over de werkelijkheid)
    • Anti-realisme: er is geen werkelijkheid op basis waarvan je theorieën kunt toetsen (tegenovergestelde van realistische opvatting)

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