Deze samenvatting is geschreven in collegejaar 2012-2013.
Hoorcollege Het dispositionele domein (22-04-2013)
Onbegrip
Onbegrepen ziektes hebben minder prestige bij artsen
Persona: een masker dat tijdens Grieks drama werd gedragen. Persona verwijst naar het karakter.
Persoonlijkheid: Datgene wat een persoon kenmerkt (Koenen woordenboek).
Persoonlijkheid: De georganiseerde en relatief stabiele set van psychologische trekken en mechanismen binnen de persoon, die de wisselwerking met en aanpassing aan de (intrapsychische, lichamelijke en sociale) omgeving beïnvloeden.
Dispositie: een persoonlijkheidstrek. Persoonlijkheid verwijst naar consistente eigenschappen.
Het 1e aspect van dispositie is consistentie:
Cross-situationele consistentie
Interne consistentie
Stabiliteit
Het 2e aspect van dispositie is individuele verschillen.
Beide aspecten zijn vereist voor een persoonlijkheidstrek.
De belangrijkste persoonlijkheidstrekken zijn neuroticisme en extraversie. Ook dieren hebben bepaalde persoonlijkheidstrekken, maar niet altijd allemaal, guppy’s hebben bijvoorbeeld alleen neuroticisme en extraversie.
Verbitterde mensen ervaren vaak hulpeloosheid en onbegrip, mensen die controle en begrip ervaren voelen zich vaak juist krachtig (“empowered”).
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