What is an infection?
An infection occurs when a foreign organism (pathogen) like bacteria, virus, fungus, or parasite invades a host (human or animal) and disrupts normal bodily functions, causing disease. Here's a deeper dive:
What are the main features of an infection?
- Invasion and Colonization: Pathogens gain entry into the host through various routes (airborne, ingestion, etc.) and establish themselves in host tissues.
- Disruption and Damage: Pathogens compete for resources, damage host cells, and release toxins, leading to tissue injury and illness.
- Immune Response: The host's immune system tries to recognize and eliminate the pathogen through various mechanisms.
Why is an infection important?
- Global Health Burden: Infections are a major cause of death and illness worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
- Chronic Conditions: Some infections can lead to chronic health problems, impacting quality of life (e.g., Hepatitis B).
- Antimicrobial Resistance: The overuse of antibiotics and other antimicrobials has led to