MC questions
Question 1
What do cognitive neuropsychologists conclude from the occurrence of a 'double dissociation' between two cognitive functions?
That the two functions are performed by the same brain structure
That the two functions are performed by the same brain structure, but by different parts of it
That the two functions are performed by two separate but dependent brain structures
That the two functions are performed by two separate and independently functioning brain structures
Question 2
Broadbent's model for visual attention contains a 'desicion channel' with a limited processing capacity. What inspired this idea of limited capacity?
The computer and telecommunication technology
Visual attention of animals
Filtering coffee
The memory card of a camera
Question 3
What has Gestalt Psychology been particularly concerned with?
'Laws' in grouping elements in the visual field
'Laws' in grouping elements in the auditory field
'Laws' in grouping brain structures
'Laws' in grouping auditory and visual information
Question 4
The visual system in the brain has two 'flows' or streams: the dorsal flow or stream and the ventral flow or stream. What is probably the function of the dorsal flow or stream?
Recognizing objects
The perception of the visual world
Steering movement based on perception
None of the above
Question 5
The expression "perception lies in the brain or the perceiver" is most consistent with ...
The approach to low vision
The neuropsychological approach to visual perception
'The Gibsonian view' on visual perception
The constructivist theory of Richard Gregory and others
Question 6
Richard Gregory distinguished between 3 types of visual illusions:
Physical phenomena, with as an example ...
Illusions due to physiological processes in the brain that are not influenced top-down, with as an example ...
Illusions due to top-down influence on perception, with as an example ...
What's on the dotted lines?
1) Color after effect, 2) Mirage, 3) Muller-Lyer illusion
1) Mirage, 2) Hermann grid, 3) Ames chamber
1) Mirage, 2) Muller-Lyer illusion, 3) Hermann grid
1) Color after effect, 2) Ames chamber, 3) Hermann grid
Question 7
What does the "law of similarity" from the Gestalt psychology state?
That "figure" and "background" are easier to separate as they resemble each other
That elements in the visual field can be grouped together based on common color or shape
That two stimuli that are equal are processed faster when they are presented together than when each stimulus is presented alone each
None of the above
Question 8
What is NOT characteristic of 'automatic' (versus 'controlled') processing of stimuli?
Automatic processing is an unconscious process
Automatic processing can occur when reading
Automatic processing is serial
Automatic processing is not part of the 'Stroop task'
Question 9
You are very 'in your mind' while making your breakfast and then you suddenly notice that you are pouring Jus d'Orange on your plate instead of in your glass. This is a typical example of:
A lapse
Monotasking
A slip
The Feature Interogation Theory (FIT)
Question 10
Rate the following statements:
According to the 'late selection model' of Deutsch and Deutsch, selection only takes place at the level of the response
According to the 'early selection model' of Broadbent, selection takes place early on the basis of mental characteristics
Which option is correct?
Statements I and II are both correct
Statement I is correct, statement II incorrect
Statement I is incorrect, statement II is correct
Statements I and II are both incorrect
Question 11
In an experiment by Allport and colleagues, test subjects had to 'shadow' a story - which was offered to 1 ear -. At the same time, a list of words to remember was presented. The researchers found that the memory for that list of words was better with ... presentation, which proves the importance of ... in performing double tasks.
Visual, exercise
Visual, task similarity
Auditory, exercise
Auditory, task similarity
Question 12
Selective attention models proposed by Treisman, Broadbent and Deutsch & Deutsch differ in the extent to which irrelevant (ignored) information is processed to a meaningful (semantic) level. What is the correct order of the models, from little meaning processing to much meaning processing?
Broadbent, Deutsch & Deutch, Treisman
Deutsch & Deutsch, Treisman, Broadbent
Broadbent, Treisman, Deutsch & Deutsch
Deutsch & Deutsch, Broadbent, Treisman
Question 13
What is the most important characteristic of apperceptive agnosia?
The patient is unable to replicate drawings
The patient has to deal with color blindness
The patient is unable to make drawings by heart
Confusing objects that are similar
Question 14
What is the most important characteristic of "form" agnosia (compared to "integrative" agnosia)?
In form agnosia, there is also "unilateral neglect".
In form agnosia, the patient cannot only recognize objects visually, but also after touching them.
In form agnosia, the patient is unable to replicate drawings.
Form agnosia is primarily a disorder of the "true" system.
Question 15
With "Synaesthesia" there is an association between, for example, numbers and colors. Which statement about this phenomenon is correct?
The color perception only occurs when the figure has actually been offered. Not when it is - for example - the result of an arithmetic operation (2 + 5 =).
The observed color with a number is the same for observers. For example, the number 7 is always associated with the color red.
The color is only perceived when there is a conscious sensation (and not with an accessible threshold of a figure).
An ambiguous stimulus (eg a sign that can be read both as the number 5 and the letter S) always gives the same color sensation, independent of the interpretation of the observer.
Question 16
What explanation has NOT been given for 'blindsight' over the years?
There is a system that focuses on locating an object in space and the second system focuses on its identification
Blindsight is the result of new connections between parts of the brain that have arisen after the damage occurred
Patients use a different (more 'primitive') route in the visual system
There is a primitive non-striped (non-striate) system that is sensitive to movement, and a more developed striped (striate) system that ensures conscious perception
Question 17
Why is memory crucial for our functioning?
It is essential for the planning of behaviour
It influences social interaction and the associated consequences
It helps when learning new routines and changing old routines
All the above
Question 18
What is the best estimate of the memory capacity?
2 to 3 items
3 to 5 items
5 to 9 items
5 to 10 items
Question 19
In a test, the assignment is to complete the letters l-c-m-t-e into one complete word. The chance that this will succeed is greater if the word 'locomotive' has been read some time before. This is called the 'repetition-priming' effect. This chance of succeeding is:
Independent of being able to remember or recognize the word
Independent of the presence of a visual stimulus
Independent of the number of firing neurons in the brain
None of the above
Question 20
A test subject is offered three random characters for two seconds. Then he / she must first count down 20 seconds and then try to remember the characters. This is repeated a large number of times, and every time with different combinations of characters. How many characters are remembered?
Less than 1 on average
1 on average
2 on average
3 on average
Question 21
Characteristic of amnesia (amnestic syndrome) is:
No more names of people and objects
Loss of episodic memory functions
Problems with remembering the distant past
All the above answers are correct
Question 22
There are two theories that explain retrogade and anterogade amnesia that occurs with amnetic syndrome. Which statement about those theories is the most true?
The best explanation about retrograde and anterograde amnesia has come to light through pharmacological research
The best explanation is a cognitive-biological explanation
Neither of the theories is entirely adequate to explain amnesia
The best explanation is a deficiency in learning and storing information
Question 23
One of the rules for drawing a logical conclusion from propositional data is called modus ponens. This is:
An example of deductive reasoning
An example of an inductive reasoning
One of the rules of deductive reasoning
One of the rules of inductive reasoning
Question 24
Perseveration is one of the characteristics of the mental disorder known as 'dysexecutive' syndrome. What's the meaning of this?
The ability to remember the effect of a solution strategy and use it for the next problem
The ability to maintain a successful solution strategy
An inability to let go of a solution strategy that is unsuccessful and replace it with a better one
None of the above
Question 25
There is often confusion at the end of 'garden path' sentences, such as 'I saw people with the big binoculars'. What is this confusion proof for?
The 'immediacy principle' in the syntactic analysis of a sentence
The wrong use of 'parsing'
Chomsky's distinction between 'competence' and 'performance' in the syntactic analysis of sentences
The 'cohesive devices' as pointed out by Halliday and Hasan
Question 26
Consider the sentence: "A maniac for weekends" instead of "a weekend for maniacs". What kind of mistake in speaking is this called?
This is an example of wordsubstitution
An example of sound exchange errors
An example of morpheme changes: stranding errors
All the above
Question 27
According to Groome, what is an explanation for reading surface dyslexia (where irregular words, such as 'steak', are regularized)?
Acute brain injury
Damage to the lexical-semantic (whole-word) route
Damage to the temporal lobe in the left hemisphere
Damage to the temporal lobe in the right hemisphere
Question 28
What is the most typical error that patients with 'deep dyslexia' often make?
They can not recognize words immediately
They experience difficulties when reading non-existent words
They read the words that are close to the word to be read in meaning
They experience no difficulties when reading words if those words meet the 'spelling-to-sound' rules
Question 29
What is NOT a form of aphasia?
Regional aphasia
Anomy aphasia
Broca's aphasia
Conduction aphasia
Answer indication MC questions
D
A
A
C
D
B
B
C
C
B
B
C
A
C
C
B
D
C
A
C
B
D
C
C
A
C
B
C
A
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