Cultural Psychology – Interim exam 2 summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)

This bundle contains a summary for the second interim exam of the course "Cultural Psychology" taught at the University of Amsterdam. This contains the book: "Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition)".

The following chapters of the book are used:

- 6, 8, 9, 10, 11.

Bundle items:

Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Summary chapter 6

There are several key characteristics of an independent self:

The self is experienced as distinct from others.
The key aspects of the self lie within the individual.
The self is stable.
The ingroup boundaries are permeable (i.e. high relational mobility).

There are several key characteristics of an interdependent self:

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Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Summary chapter 8

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, there are different needs and motivations.

One problem with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that it is phrased in Western terms.

People with an independent self-concept attempt to achieve the connectedness motivation through securing uniqueness. People with an interdependent self-concept attempt to achieve the connectedness

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Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Summary chapter 9

Analytic thinking can be characterized by different things:

It focusses on objects and attributes.
It holds that objects exist independently of their context (i.e. context independence).
It uses abstract rules to explain and predict the behaviour of objects.
It employs taxonomic organization.
It makes use of rule-based reasoning (e.g. universal abstract rules

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Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Summary chapter 10

There are cultural differences of emotion in appraisal (1), emotion stimulus (2), action-readiness (3), physiological response (4), emotion word (5) and emotional behaviour (6).

The James-Lange theory (i.e. evolutionary approach) of emotion states that emotions are physiological responses to stimuli in the world and emotions are invariant, innate biological responses. This theory assumes universality of emotional

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Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Summary chapter 11

There are several universal physical features of attractiveness:

Clear skin
It is possible that this is a universal physical feature of attractiveness because a clear skin indicates good health, making mating more viable. This is an evolutionary reason why clear skin is attractive.
Symmetry
It is possible that this is a universal physical