Neuroscience of Social Behavior and Emotional Disorders (NSBED) - Lectures (Universiteit Utrecht)
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Social categorization is visible in task performance.
There is a racial bias.
The brain has an automatic conflict-detection system, located in the ACC. It signals us when we are in conflict situations that require attention. You see the effect of an error:
The stronger the error detection, the less behavioral bias in shooter task.
People who are intrinsic motivated to respond without prejudice show stronger error detection. Extrinsic motivation doesn’t improve performance!
Within 200ms, the brain categorizes others around us in terms of race, gender, sexual orientation. This triggers implicit associations with ingroup (positive) and outgroup (negative), leading to bias in behavior.
It is possible to control these automatic biases by monitoring performance, detecting conflict between goals and failure to achieve these goals. However, for this you either need to be intrinsically motivated or reminded of your moral values.
The empathy gap – the empathy we feel for people like us is much larger than for people unlike us.
Mu suppression – indicates motor cortex activity. It can happen when you see other people move. Happens more when you see people of the ingroup than people of the outgroup.
Stronger activation in the anterior insula in pain of own race.
Stereotype threat – when people are reminded of stereotypes about their group. This creates threat. This threat is cognitively distracting.
Biopsychosocial model of threat and challenge – two motivational states:
It uses the responses of the autonomous nervous system to determine threat and challenge.
Social pain triggers a neural alarm system that consists of the dorsal ACC and rvPFC.
Repeated exposure to social pain increases sensitivity of neural alarm system: more vigilance for social pain and the pain becomes more intense. This also has negative health outcomes.
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In this bundle you can find the lecture notes from the course 'Neuroscience of Social Behavior and Emotional Disorders' by Utrecht University. Good luck studying!
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