The development of a child can raise various questions. A question that most parents have is how they can teach their children how to deal with anger and other negative emotions. Sometimes parents are spanking their children, but this turns out to be counterproductive. However, several effective
........Read moreWhat is prenatal development?
In history, many differences can be seen in the way people think about prenatal development. Aristotle rejected the idea of epigenesis , the emergence of new structures and functions during development.
Example: the Beng in West Africa believe that every baby is a reincarnation of an ancestor. The spirit of the ancestor, the wru, does not yet
........Read moreHow do nature and nurture play a role?
The first studies on development are trying to answer the question which of the following is more ifluental on the childs development: the genes or the environment. Since the discovery of the DNA, the basic component of heredity, enormous advances have been made in deciphering the genetic code. Researchers have mapped the entire genome, the
........Read moreThere are five different theories about the cognitive development of a child that will be discussed in this chapter.
What is the focus in Piaget's theory?
Piaget's theory remains the best known cognitive development theory. Piaget focuses on the way children think at different ages. He sees the child as a researcher: the child acquires knowledge through experiences. Children
........Read moreHow does perceptual development work?
There is a difference between perception and sensation. Sensation is the processing of basic information from the external world, through sensory receptors in the sensory organs and the brain. Perception is a process focusing on organizing and interpreting sensory information.
How does visual development work?
In the last years,the visual capacity of babies was underestimated. Research shows that babies have a
........Read moreHow does language develop?
We use symbols to communicate with other people and to reflect or exchange our thoughts, feelings, and knowledge. Symbols are a tool when communicating with other people. Using language includes language comprehension and language production. Language comprehension is the understanding of what other people say, write or portray (passive). Language production is speaking, writing
........Read moreConcepts are general ideas or terms that can be used to group objects, situations, qualities, or abstractions, that let them become equal in a certain way.
How can the who and what be understandable?
How to divide objects into categories?
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What is intelligence?
The concept of intelligence is difficult to describe. One way, is to describe intelligence in three levels of analysis:
Some see intelligence as one factor called general intelligence, g. General intelligence are cognitive processes influencing the ability to think and learn on all intellectual tasks.
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What are psychoanalytic theories?
Psychoanalytic theories have had the greatest impact on western cultures. These theories have had a major influence on the way of thinking about personality and social developments. This is mainly due to Sigmund Freud. Erik Erikson later accounted on the ideas of Sigmund Freud. Both theories are based
........Read moreHow do emotions develop?
Emotions are often equated with feelings. Development ideologists have a more complex approach to look at emotions. They see emotions as consisting of multiple components: neural responses, the physiological factors (heartbeat, breaths, hormone levels), subjective feelings, emotional expression and the desire to take action (flee, approach, or change people or things in
........Read moreChildren develop certain forms of attachment. Attachment is an emotional bond with a specific person, who remains constant over time. Often there it is spoken about attachment in the form of the relationship between child and caregiver, but attachment can also occur in adulthood.
........Read moreWhich family structures are there?
The adult family members having the greatest effects on the development of a child are the members with whom they live together. These members are in regular contact, they support financially and raise the children. The term family structure refers to the number of and relationships between the people living in a
........Read moreIn the text below, Peers are people of about the same age and status who are not relatives.
Why and how to form friendships?
Relationships with peers contribute to the development of a child. Piaget stated that children are more open and spontaneous in expressing certain ideas
........Read moreHow does moral judgment develop?
The morality of a certain action is not always obvious. The reasoning behind certain behavior is crucial for determining whether that behavior is moral or immoral.
What is the idea behind Piaget's theory?
Piaget's theory on moral judgment
........Read moreSex is the difference between genetic female (XX) and genetic male (XY). Gender is the social assignment or self-categorization as a woman or man (or neither). Gender-typed refers to behavior that is expected for a person's gender. Cross-gender typed refers to behavior that is expected for the different gender than the person has. Gender typing refers to the process of gender socialization.
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This chapter contains an integrative framework of the seven themes that have emerged throughout the book.
Theme 1: Nature and nurture: all interactions, always
If prenatal development proceeds normally, it seems as if it is simply the
........Read moreExam Tickets
Summaries and study notes with the 5th edition of How Children Develop by Siegler et al.
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