Summary of Cognitive Neuroscience: the biology of the mind by Gazzaniga - Chapters of 4th edition
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Optogenetics refers to using light to control cell activation (e.g: neurons) in living tissue. The cognitive approach to psychology uses two key concepts: information processing depends on internal representations (1) and these mental representations undergo transformations (2). People derive multiple representations from stimuli. Physical representations are activated first, phonetic representations next and category representations last.
The chronometric method refers to measuring reaction time. Information perception is biased by memory and attention. People engage in four primary mental operations: encode (1), compare (2), decide (3) and respond (4). The word superiority effect refers to the fact that participants are most accurate in identifying the target letter when the stimuli are words. Letter and word representation are activated in parallel.
There are four broad groups of study populations. Neurologically intact animals and humans and neurologically abnormal animals and humans. There are several types of brain disorders:
Angiography is a clinical imaging method used to evaluate the circulatory system in the brain and diagnose disruptions in circulation. In a single dissociation, a between-group difference is apparent in only one task. A double dissociation identifies whether two cognitive functions are independent of each other. Researchers can choose people with similar anatomical lesions or people with similar behavioural deficits. Many diseases of the nervous system are not usually related to problems with neurons, but rather with how the flow of information is altered by the disease process.
Perturbing neural function refers to disturb interactions between neurons. There are several methods to perturb neural function:
There are several methods to analyse the structure of the brain:
There are several methods to analyse the function of brain regions:
The region of space a visual cell responds to is the cell’s receptive field. Retinotopic refers to topographic representations in vision.
There are several methods that accurately measure the structure and the function of the brain. These methods do not measure neural activity directly.
In a block design experiment, the recorded neural activity is integrated over a block of time during which the participant either is presented a stimulus or performs a task. PET and fMRI have poor temporal resolution compared with single-cell recordings or ERPs. Interpreting the data from a PET or fMRI study is also difficult because the data sets are enormous. fMRI can be used to check for functional connectivity: how the activation changes of one brain area correlate with the activation changes of another.
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This bundle describes a summary of the book "Cognitive Neuroscience, the biology of the mind, by M. Gazzaniga (fourth edition)". The following chapters are used:
- 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 11, 12, 5/6/14 (combination).
This bundle contains everything you need to know for the first interim exam of Brain & Cognition for the University of Amsterdam. It uses the book "Cognitive Neuroscience, the biology of the mind, by M. Gazzaniga (fourth edition). The bundle contains the
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