Psychodiagnostiek
- 2497 reads
European Journal of psychological assessment 14, 50-59
Vervaeke, G. A., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (1998)
Treatment selection: What do we know?
Treatment selection is seldom the topic of study and guidelines for the practitioner concerning treatment selection have rarely been formulated.
When is psychotherapy indicated?
Psychotherapy leads to statistically significant and clinically meaningful effects in a variety of patients compared to untreated patients.
There are little research data to help the practitioner decide which patient should not be treated.
Deterioration in psychotherapy was particularly frequently found in borderline patients and schizophrenics.
The problem with studies in this area is that it is not clear whether the negative effects are due to the specific type of patients or to the specific type of psychotherapy.
Factors related to discontinuation of treatment
Therapeutic alliance
A number of patient characteristics have been identified that can be assessed before the start of therapy, and that affect establishment of a good working alliance later on.
These factors all contribute positively toward building a good working alliance.
Factors that are likely to develop a bad working alliance
The severity of a patient’s symptoms appear to have little impact on the ability to develop a good alliance.
Compatibility between patient and therapist concerning interpersonal hostile behaviour were found to be crucial to the development of a positive working alliance.
Sociodemographic variables
As to the variables social class, age and gender only a few specific relationships with outcome of therapy have been reported.
Degree of disturbance and related variables
Individuals with more serious levels of disturbance have poorer outcomes.
Psychological health-sickness was moderately related to outcome of therapy.
The sicker the patient the harder it will be to make therapeutic gains.
Match of patient and therapist
Patient characteristics and type of therapy
When differences between traditional scholarly methods are found, they often favour cognitive or behavioural approaches across a variety of patient diagnostic categories.
When problems are less discrete and more diffuse, there is no evidence that cognitive-behaviour therapy is more effective than other approaches.
A client’s general openness and interest in inner experience may be a useful predictor of success in experimental psychotherapy.
Patient diagnoses and type of therapy
Depression
Cognitive therapy is the most effective.
Better social functioning predicted a superior response to interpersonal therapy.
Low cognitive dysfunction superior response to cognitive-behavioural therapy and to imipramine.
Perfectionism is negative for treatment outcome.
Individualized treatment that matched the problems of the patient is not more effective than a mismatched treatment.
Anxiety disorders
There is no clear-cut relationship between personality disorders and outcome of therapy.
Guidelines for treatment selection
The choice of methods that can detect relevant pretherapy characteristics within the domain of interpersonal skills and intapersonal dynamics recommended.
A match between patient and therapist on the following dimensions should be considered to enhance treatment effectiveness.
Matching on interpersonal compatible styles between therapist and client may also enhance outcome.
Matching on cognitive style and locus of blame seems to enhance continuation.
Gender similarity of patient and therapist may enhance therapeutic change among female clients especially among rape victims.
Suggestions with respect to the attitude during treatment selection
Join with a free account for more service, or become a member for full access to exclusives and extra support of WorldSupporter >>
Deze bundel is voor het vak psychodiagnostiek voor het tweede jaar van de studie psychologie aan de uva. De bundel bestaat uit hoofdstukken uit verschillende boeken die geslecteerd zijn door de uva. Besproken wordt hoe diagnostiek plaatsvind en hoe het het beste kan worden
...There are several ways to navigate the large amount of summaries, study notes en practice exams on JoHo WorldSupporter.
Do you want to share your summaries with JoHo WorldSupporter and its visitors?
Main summaries home pages:
Main study fields:
Business organization and economics, Communication & Marketing, Education & Pedagogic Sciences, International Relations and Politics, IT and Technology, Law & Administration, Medicine & Health Care, Nature & Environmental Sciences, Psychology and behavioral sciences, Science and academic Research, Society & Culture, Tourisme & Sports
Main study fields NL:
JoHo can really use your help! Check out the various student jobs here that match your studies, improve your competencies, strengthen your CV and contribute to a more tolerant world
2409 |
Add new contribution