Deze samenvatting is gebaseerd op collegejaar 2012-2013 (oude curriculum). Nog steeds bruikbaar bij huidige curricula waar dit onderwerp wordt behandeld.
1. Which of the findings mentioned below can be seen in a sputum Gram
preparation of a patient with pneumococcal pneumonia? (the counts are per
field in an enlargement of 1000x)
a. 10-15 squamous epithelial cells; 0-2 leukocytes; 0-2 Gram-positive cocci in chains;
5-10 fine Gram-negative rods; 3-5 Gram-positive cocci in groups.
b. 10-20 polymorphonuclear leukocytes; 20-30 Gram-positive diplococci.
c. 10-20 polymorphonuclear leukocytes; 20-30 Gram-negative diplococci .
d. 0-2 squamous epithelial cells; 5-10 leukocytes, over 100 fine Gram-negative rods.
2. Extended-matching question
Options:
a. Adequate heating of food
b. Antimicrobial prophylaxis
c. Asepsis
d. Use of protective gown
e. Protection against mosquito bites
f. Desinfection of skin
g. Desinfection of instruments, surfaces, devices
h. Control of animal reservoir
i. Hand hygiene
j. Use of gloves, nonsterile
k. Use of gloves, sterile
l. Cold storage of food
m. Wearing a face mask, surgical
n. Wearing a face mask, FFP1, FFP2
o. Passive immunisation
p. Sewage treatment
q. Cleaning with water and soap
r. Screening of blood products
s. Sterilisation
t. Vaccination
u. Vector control
v. Nursing in an isolation room
w. Water purification
x. No intervention or control measure necessary
Indicate which measure(s) should be taken. Mark compartment x
on the computer form when you are of the opinion that no
measure is necessary.
2.1. A 28-year-old man had a motor accident in Greece and was admitted to a local
hospital. After 3 weeks he was transferred directly to a Dutch hospital. One of
his wounds was colonised with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). The MRSA is still sensitive for the antibiotic vancomycin. Give four
measures that should be taken in the Dutch hospital
2.2. A 50-year-old refugee from Somalia is admitted into hospital with a lung cavity
due to tuberculosis. He coughs up blood-stained, purulent sputum. Give two
preventive measures.
3. A 73 year-old male is in the Intensive Care Unit after heart surgery. He is on
artificial respiration, has an intravenous catheter in the arteria subclavia, and a
urinary catheter. As he has fever and suspected sepsis, he is started on
intravenous antibiotic therapy.
Give your opinion of the patient’s host defence.
a. His barrier function is impaired.
b. His granulocyte function is impaired.
c. His complement function is impaired.
d. His humoral immunity is impaired.
e. His cellular immunity is impaired.
4. Why does Haemophilus influenzae only cause invasive disease like meningitis
when it has a capsule?
a. It is impossible for the bacterium to enter the cerebrospinal fluid space
unencapsulated.
b. The capsule causes tissue damage, which triggers the inflammatory reaction.
c. The capsule protects.....read more
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