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Social psychology and social relations

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social psychology: summaries, study assistance, internships and activities abroad

What is social psychology?

  • Social psychology is the branch of psychology that seeks to scientifically explain the nature and causes of behavior and thoughts of individuals in social situations.
  • Social psychology applies scientific values and methods when investigating. This is because social behaviors and thoughts cannot be reliably explained by common sense or intuition. In fact, these are influenced by biases. Science refers to a set of values and multiple methods that can be used to investigate a wide range of topics. Four of the most important core values are:
    • Accuracy ("accuracy"). A commitment to gathering and evaluating information about the world (including social behavior and thinking) in a way that is as careful, accurate and error-free as possible.
    • Objectivity ('objectivity'). A commitment to acquire and evaluate such information in a way that is free of bias and as humane as possible.
    • Skepticism ('skepticism'). A commitment to accepting findings as accurate only if they have been repeatedly verified.
    • Open-mindedness ('open-mindedness'). A commitment to changing your view, even if it is strongly held, if existing evidence suggests that this view is inaccurate.
  • These values are important because humans are not perfect information processing machines. For example, a common fallacy or illusion is the planning fallacy, the strong tendency to believe that plans will take less time, than they actually do.

Social psychology focuses on the behavior of individuals

  • Social psychology focuses on the behavior of individuals, and how this behavior is influenced by a variety of factors. For example, it is important to look at to what extent individual behavior is influenced by the group, by culture, and by emotions and mood. There is increasing attention to how factors such as culture and ethnicity affect the formation of individual behavior.

Social psychology seeks to understand the causes of social behavior

  • Social psychologists - as also indicated above - are interested in the causes that influence the individual's social behavior and thinking in the social environment.
  • This involves the following characteristics: actions and characteristics of other individuals; cognitive processes such as memories and interpretations; environmental variables such as the weather or a particular smell; the cultural context with its associated norms and values; and finally biological and genetic factors.
  • Biological factors are particularly emphasized by psychologists engaged in evolutionary psychology, a branch of psychology that holds that species are subjects of biological evolution. Interesting here is the distinction between the effects evolution has on men and

The search for basic principles in a changing social world

  • A core purpose of science is to develop basic principles that are accurate no matter where or when they are tested or applied. Social psychologists do not develop mathematical formulas, but seek the basic principles that guide social life. While recognizing that cultures are very different and that the social world is constantly changing, they look for basic principles that will hold true over time and across cultures.

 

   

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Social psychology and social relations: The best textbooks summarized

Social psychology and social relations: The best textbooks summarized

Summaries and Study Assistance with Social psychology and social relations

Table of content

  • Summary with the book: An Introduction to Social Psychology by Hewstone a.o. - 7th edition
  • Summary with the book: Applied Social Psychology: Understanding and Managing Social Problems by Steg a.o. - 2nd edition
  • Summary with the book: Applying Social Psychology: From Problems to Solutions by Buunk a.o. - 3rd edition
  • Summary with the book: Cultural Psychology by Heine - 4th edition
  • Summary with the book: Getting to yes: negotiating an agreement without giving in by Fisher a.o. - 3rd edition
  • Summary with the book: Group Dynamics by Forsyth - 7th edition
  • Summary with the book: Influence: Science and Practice by Cialdini - 5th edition
  • Summary with the book: Lord of the Flies by Golding - 1st edition
  • Summary with the book: Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination by Whitley and Kite - 3rd edition
  • Summary with the book: Sensation and Perception by Yantis and Abrams - 2nd edition
  • Summary with the book: Self-determination theory and work motivation by Gagne
  • Summary with the book: Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture by Fiske and Taylor - 4th edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology by Baron and Branscombe - 14th edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology by Heinzen and Goodfriend - 2nd edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology by Hogg and Vaughan - 9th edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology by Kassin - 11th edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology by Smith a.o. - 4th edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology and Organizations by De Cremer a.o. - 1st edition
  • Summary with the book: Social Psychology: People in Groups
  • Summary with the book: The Practice of Social Research by Babbie - 15th edition
  • Summary with the book: The Psychology of Advertising by Fennis and Stroebe - 3rd edition
  • Summary with the book: Values and how do people react to them by Latham
  • Summary with the book: Youth studies: An introduction by Furlong

About Social psychology and social relations

  • Social psychology delves into how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social contexts and interactions. Social relations encompass the dynamic connections and interactions between people, shaping relationships, group dynamics, and broader societal structures.
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Social psychology: the best scientific articles summarized

Social psychology: the best scientific articles summarized

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    • Conflict management and mediation
    • Group behavior and cooperation
    • Leadership and power
    • Cultural diversity
    • Migration and integration
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Artikelsamenvatting bij Laat je horen: Zó maak jij een positief verschil in de wereld van Jansen - 2020 - Exclusive

Inleiding

Mensen met een handicap ervaren dagelijks vooroordelen en discriminatie. Dit komt door validisme, de overtuiging dat mensen zonder handicap de norm zijn. In dit artikel bespreken we de impact van validisme en hoe we dit kunnen bestrijden.

Validisme in de praktijk

Validisme manifesteert zich op verschillende manieren. Kinderen met een handicap worden vaak in aparte klassen of scholen geplaatst, waardoor ze minder kansen krijgen om te leren en te integreren. Mensen met een handicap worden vaker gediscrimineerd bij de sollicitatieprocedure en hebben minder kans op een baan die past bij hun vaardigheden en interesses. Openbare ruimtes zijn vaak niet toegankelijk voor mensen met een handicap, waardoor ze beperkt worden in hun mobiliteit en deelname aan de samenleving.

De impact van validisme

Validisme kan een grote impact hebben op het leven van mensen met een handicap. Het kan leiden tot gevoelens van isolatie, frustratie en woede.

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Article summary with The evolution of acculturation and development models for understanding immigrant children and youth adjustment by Juang & Syed - 2019 - Exclusive

Introduction

Juang and Syed (2019) explore the evolution of acculturation and development models used to understand the adjustment of immigrant children and youth. They argue that these models have become increasingly complex and nuanced, acknowledging the dynamic interplay between acculturation processes and developmental principles.

Methodology

  • The authors employ a review and critical analysis approach, examining existing literature on acculturation and development models relevant to immigrant children and youth.
  • They do not present original empirical data but analyze and synthesize key concepts and frameworks within the field.

Results

  • Earlier models: Older frameworks often focused on linear and unidirectional processes of acculturation, with assimilation as the primary goal.
  • Evolution towards complexity: Recent models have become more complex, acknowledging the multifaceted nature of acculturation, including biculturalism and maintenance of heritage culture.
  • Integration of development: Developmental principles are now explicitly incorporated into acculturation models, recognizing the impact of acculturative experiences
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Article summary with Mental Health in Adolescents with a Migration Background in 29 European Countries: The Buffering Role of Social Capital by Delaruelle a.o. - 2021 - Exclusive

Introduction

Delaruelle et al. (2021) investigate the mental health of migrant adolescents across 29 European countries. They explore the potential buffering role of social capital in mitigating mental health challenges faced by this population.

Methodology

  • The study utilizes data from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey, encompassing over 217,000 adolescents (14-17 years old) across Europe.
  • Migrant status was defined as having at least one foreign-born parent.
  • Mental health was assessed using self-reported measures of depressive symptoms and psychological distress.
  • Social capital was measured through indicators like family support, peer support, and trust in institutions.
  • Multilevel mixed-effects models were employed to analyze the data, accounting for individual and country-level factors.

Results

  • Migrant adolescents reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress compared to their native peers across most European countries.
  • Stronger social capital (family support, peer support, trust in institutions) was associated with lower
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Article summary with Adjustment Outcomes of Immigrant Children and Youth in Europe: A Meta-Analysis by Dimitrova a.o. - 2016 - Exclusive

Introduction

Dimitrova, Chasiotis, & Van de Vijver (2016) conduct a meta-analysis to synthesize research on the adjustment outcomes of immigrant children and youth (ICYA) in Europe. They examine various domains of adjustment, including academic achievement, socioemotional well-being, and psychological distress.

Methodology

  • The authors searched diverse databases for relevant studies published between 1990 and 2014.
  • They included 47 studies with over 50,000 participants, encompassing various immigrant groups and European countries.
  • Meta-analysis techniques were used to estimate overall effect sizes and explore potential moderators (e.g., age, generation, immigrant group).

Results

  • Overall, ICYA exhibited lower academic achievement compared to native peers, with an average effect size of d = -0.29.
  • Socioemotional well-being outcomes were mixed, with no significant overall effect for self-esteem and a small negative effect for social acceptance (d = -0.15).
  • ICYA reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to native peers, with an average effect size
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Article summary with Transnationalism: A new analytic framework for understanding migration by Schiller a.o. - 1992 - Exclusive

Introduction

Schiller, Basch, and Blanc-Szanton (1992) introduce transnationalism as a novel analytical framework for understanding migration. They argue that traditional perspectives focusing solely on assimilation or return migration fail to capture the complex realities of contemporary migration patterns, characterized by ongoing social, economic, and cultural connections across borders.

Methodology

The article primarily adopts a theoretical and conceptual approach. It draws on existing literature from various disciplines like anthropology, sociology, and political science, offering a critical reassessment of dominant migration theories. Empirical evidence is not explicitly presented in this specific article.

Results

  • Key features of transnationalism:
    • Simultaneous involvement: Migrants maintain and develop social, economic, and political ties with both their origin and destination societies.
    • Multiple memberships: They navigate different social spaces and cultural contexts, potentially developing hybrid identities.
    • Transnational activities: They actively engage in activities that transcend national borders, such as sending remittances, participating in political processes in
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Article summary with Migrants’ multi-sited social lives by Bilgili - 2014 - Exclusive

Introduction

Bilgili (2014) challenges the traditional understanding of migrants' social lives as confined to either the origin or destination country. She proposes a multi-sited framework that acknowledges the complex interplay between social networks, practices, and identities across geographical boundaries.

Methodology

The study employs a qualitative approach, drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with Turkish migrants in the Netherlands and Turkey. The author utilizes in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of personal documents to capture the multi-dimensionality of migrants' social worlds.

Results

  • Migrants maintain and develop social ties across borders: They utilize various communication technologies and engage in frequent visits to maintain connections with family, friends, and communities in both the origin and destination countries.
  • Social networks are dynamic and fluid: Migrants navigate multiple social spheres, adapting their interactions and practices based on specific contexts and purposes.
  • Transnational practices shape identities: Engagement across borders influences how migrants understand themselves and their
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Article summary with The integration paradox: A review and meta-analysis of the complex relationship between integration and reports of discrimination by Schaeffer & Kas - 2023 - Exclusive

Introduction

Schaeffer and Kas (2023) explore the "integration paradox": seemingly more integrated immigrants reporting higher rates of discrimination. They conduct a review and meta-analysis of existing research to synthesize evidence on this complex relationship.

Methodology

  • The authors reviewed 42 studies with 280 statistical estimates exploring the link between integration and reported discrimination.
  • They employed multilevel meta-analysis techniques to account for study-level variations and moderator analyses to examine potential influencing factors.

Results

  • The integration paradox exists: Immigrants with higher socio-economic integration generally report more discrimination compared to those less integrated.
  • Paradox varies by context and group: The effect is stronger for easily distinguishable immigrants and in more open socio-political contexts.
  • Potential explanations:
    • Increased awareness: Integration exposes immigrants to more potential discriminatory situations, making them more likely to identify and report incidents.
    • Higher expectations: Integrated immigrants may have higher expectations of acceptance and treatment, leading to greater
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Article summary with What about the mainstream? Assimilation in super-diverse times by Alba & Duyvendak - 2019 - Exclusive

Introduction

Alba and Duyvendak (2019) challenge the dominant focus on "horizontal" integration in highly diverse societies, arguing that understanding assimilation also requires consideration of the "vertical" dimension: the power dynamics inherent in the mainstream culture. They propose a new theoretical framework for studying assimilation in "super-diverse" contexts.

Methodology

The article adopts a theoretical and conceptual approach, engaging with existing research on super-diversity, assimilation, and social power. It does not present original empirical data but utilizes existing studies and arguments to build the proposed framework.

Results

  • Critique of existing frameworks:
    • Horizontality bias: Existing research primarily focuses on interactions between different immigrant groups, neglecting the power dynamics between immigrants and the dominant culture.
  • Proposed new framework:
    • Integration and assimilation as multidimensional: Both processes involve cultural, economic, and social dimensions, with varying degrees of engagement with the mainstream.
    • Centrality of mainstream power: The concept of the mainstream
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Summaries on interpersonal relations in a psychological context. This set of articles is based on the 2020-2021 course 'Interpersonal Relations' at Groningen university. Topics that will be discussed: relationship psychology, behavioral psychology, psychology of attraction, mental illness, mental di...

Article summaries for Intergroup Relations - RUG

The following list contains a selection of summaries of articles mandatory for the course Intergroup Relations, bachelor psychology Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, third year, academic year 2015/2016

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